Yiziphi izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokuvinjwa okungalungile kuma-membrane e-osmosis/nanofiltration? Indlela yokwahlulela? Indlela yokuyixazulula? (1)

1. Ukungcoliswa kwento ethile.
Izici: Ngokuvamile kwenzeka esigabeni sokuqala sokugunyazwa nokusebenza, okubonakala njengokukhuphuka okusheshayo esikhathini sokucindezela okuhlukile kanye nokuhamba kwamanzi okuvamile (uma kungekona okubi, kutholwa kusenesikhathi futhi kusetshenzwe ngesikhathi).
Imbangela: Ngesikhathi sokulungisa iphutha, ipayipi lokungena lesistimu ye-membrane (evame ukutholakala ngemva kwesihlungi sokuvikeleka) ayizange ihlambulule noma ihlanza i-slag yokushisela esele noma i-sawdust esele noma okunye ukungcola okushiywe yipayipi le-PVC kubanjwe ingxenye yokuqala ye-membrane yokuqala, futhi ekugcineni yaqoqwa ebusweni bokugcina be-membrane, ivimbela umgijimi we-membrane.
Indlela yokwahlulela: Okokuqala thola isikhathi sokwenzeka (ezinsukwini ezimbalwa ngemva kokuqala) futhi ijubane lomehluko wengcindezi liyakhula esigabeni sokuqala (ngokushesha kakhulu), bese uvula isivalo sokuphela kolwelwesi ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi zikhona yini izinhlayiya zokungcola ebusweni bokuphela kolwelwesi.
Izinyathelo zokulwa: Hlanza ipayipi kahle ngaphandle kokushiya i-particle.

2. I-Colloidal foiling
Izici: Uma lolu hlobo lokungcola lwenzeka, umehluko wengcindezi esigabeni sokuqala uvame ukuba phezulu, ulwelwesi lokuqala nolwesibili ekugcineni kwe-inlet yesigaba sokuqala lubucayi kakhulu, futhi ulwelwesi olungemuva luhlanzekile. Futhi umphumela wokuhlanza ku-inthanethi mubi kakhulu, futhi ungasuswa futhi uhlanzwe ungaxhunyiwe ku-inthanethi kuphela. Ngemva kokuhlanza, ayikwazi ukuhlala izinsuku ezimbalwa futhi kufanele ikhishwe futhi igezwe. Isici sesihlungi sokuvikeleka sishintshwa ngokushesha, futhi ezimeni ezinzima, sidinga ukushintshwa phakathi namahora ambalwa. Uma uhlukanisa isihlungi sokuvikela, uzothola ukuthi kune-slime ezindongeni zaso.
Izimbangela:
(1) I-ultrafiltration yaphuka, okwaholela ekutheni umzimba we-flocculate omuhle wethangi le-sedimentation ekugcineni ungene esihlabathini, futhi i-ultrafiltration yaqale yanothiswa kusici sesihlungi sokuphepha kwase kungena ngesihlungi ukuze kuvinjwe ulwelwesi.
(2) Ukwengezwa ngokweqile kwe-PAC noma i-sodium metaaluminate noma i-PAM ethangini le-sedimentation ekugcineni kolwelwesi kuholela ekusetshenzisweni kwe-aluminium ngokweqile nezinsalela ze-PAM emanzini angcolile.
(3) Ama-Scale inhibitors awahambisani nokukhiqiza ama-flocs.

Ukungahambelani kwe-added scale inhibitor kuvamile ekuphenduleni phakathi kwe-scale inhibitor kanye ne-aluminiyamu esele ku-osmosis engemuva emanzini ukuze kwakhe ulwelwesi oluvimba i-floc.

Indlela yokwahlulela:
(1) Indlela yokwahlulela yokuphuka kocingo lwe-ultrafiltration imi kanje:
Indlela yoku-1: Qaphela futhi uhlole ukuhlanzeka kolwelwesi lwesihlungi se-SDI. Isithombe esingezansi sibonisa ukuhlunga kokuqala kwe-250ml ye-membrane yokukhiqiza amanzi e-ultrafiltration ngesikhathi sokuhlolwa kwe-SDI (ukukhiqizwa kwamanzi e-ultrafiltration kungcolile kakhulu, kuthatha isikhathi eside ukuhlunga i-500ml, bese kuyama).
Indlela yesi-2: Hlaziya ukuthi ingabe i-turbidity yokukhiqizwa kwamanzi e-ultrafiltration inyukile ngokungavamile, futhi i-turbidity evamile yokukhiqizwa kwamanzi cishe i-0.1NTU.
Indlela yesi-3: Qinisekisa ucingo oluphukile ngendlela yokubuka ibhamuza.

(2) Indlela yokwahlulela ukweqisa kwe-PAC noma i-sodium metaaluminate noma i-PAM kulwelwesi olungaphambili lwethangi le-sedimentation imi kanje: Ukuthi i-PAC noma i-sodium metaaluminate yeqile iwukuthola ngokuyinhloko okuqukethwe kwe-aluminium enciphile, esivame ukuyilawula ku-

(3) Indlela yokwahlulela yokungahambisani kwe-scale inhibitor ingokulandelayo: Ihlulelwa ngokuyinhloko ngokuhlolwa, futhi inqubo yokuhlola iboniswa iphrojekthi yethu yangempela njengesibonelo. Thatha ulwelwesi emanzini bese wengeza i-scale inhibitor esetshenziswa esizeni (umthamo uyafana ne-on-site) kanye ne-PAC (eguquliwe ngokuya ngokuqukethwe kwama-ion e-aluminium endaweni yokufaka ulwelwesi). Khona-ke ukusabela okunyakazayo kubhekwa ukuthi kukhona yini imvula eyakhiwe. Ngesikhathi esifanayo, isethi yokuhlolwa okungenalutho iyenziwa, kodwa ngaphandle kwe-PAC, okunye kuyefana.
•Ayikho i-PAC engeziwe, i-scale inhibitor esetshenziswa esizeni kuphela eyengezwayo, akukho mvula evelayo, futhi isistimu iyafana.
•Ukwengezwa kwe-PAC kusayithi kanye ne-scale inhibitor kukhiqize ngokushesha imvula ebonakala ihambisana kakhulu nezici zokungcola ebusweni bokuphela kolwelwesi.
•Ngokunye ukuhlola kwe-scale inhibitor (okuphinde kwengezwe i-PAC ukuze kusetshenziswe inkambu), ayikho i-sediment eye yabonwa, futhi isistimu yayifana.
Ukuhlola okungenhla kufakazela ukuthi i-scale inhibitor esetshenziswa ensimini ayihambisani ne-PAC, okuholela emvuleni egelezayo, futhi enye inhibitor yesikali idinga ukushintshwa.

Izinyathelo zokulwa:
(1) Uma i-ultrafiltration iphukile, ipulaki yocingo kufanele ilungiswe ngokwendlela ye-membrane manual. Uma iphuka kakhulu, kunconywa ukuyishintsha.
(2) Uma kunokudoswa okweqile kwe-PAC noma i-sodium metaaluminate noma i-PAM kuthangi lemvula ekugcineni kolwelwesi olungaphambili, umthamo ofanele kufanele unqunywe ngokuhlolwa kwebhika nezinjongo zokulawula inqubo.
(3) Uma i-scale inhibitor itholakala ukuthi ayihambisani, kufanele ishintshwe. Uma usebenzisa i-scale inhibitor entsha, kuyadingeka ukunquma ukuthi iyahambisana yini ne-ejenti eyengezwe esizeni ngokuhlolwa.