Wadanne nau'ikan nau'ikan toshewar ƙazanta ne a cikin jujjuyawar osmosis/nanofiltration membranes? Yadda za a yi hukunci? Yadda za a warware shi? (1)

1. Fitar da kwayoyin halitta.
Halaye: Gabaɗaya yana faruwa ne a farkon matakin ƙaddamarwa da aiki, wanda ke bayyana a matsayin haɓaka mai sauri a cikin lokacin bambance-bambancen matsi da ƙarancin ruwa na al'ada (idan ba mai tsanani ba, ana gano shi da wuri kuma ana magance shi cikin lokaci).
Dalili: A lokacin debugging, da membrane tsarin shigar bututu (yawanci samu bayan tsaro tace) ba kurkura ko kurkura da saura waldi slag ko da saura sawdust ko wasu najasa bar ta PVC bututu aka intercepted da na farko sashe na farko membrane, kuma a karshe ya taru a kan karshen fuskar da membrane, tare da toshe membrane mai gudu.
Hanyar shari'a: Da farko ƙayyade lokacin abin da ya faru ('yan kwanaki bayan farawa) da kuma saurin bambance-bambancen matsa lamba a mataki na farko (da sauri sosai), sannan kuma bude murfin ƙarshen membrane don tabbatar da ko akwai barbashi na ƙazanta a fuskar ƙarshen membrane.
Ma'auni: Tsaftace bututun sosai ba tare da barin barbashi ba.

2. Koloidal fouling
Halaye: Lokacin da irin wannan lalata ta faru, bambancin matsa lamba a sashin farko yana da yawa, na farko da na biyu a ƙarshen mashigai na sashin farko sun fi tsanani, kuma membrane na baya yana da tsabta. Kuma tasirin tsaftacewar kan layi yana da rauni sosai, kuma ana iya cire shi kawai kuma a tsaftace shi ta layi. Bayan tsaftacewa, ba zai iya ɗaukar 'yan kwanaki ba kuma dole ne a cire shi kuma a wanke. Ana maye gurbin abubuwan tace tsaro da sauri, kuma a cikin lokuta masu tsanani, yana buƙatar maye gurbin shi cikin ƴan sa'o'i. Lokacin da ka ware matatar tsaro, za ka ga akwai slime a bangonta.
Dalilai:
(1) A ultrafiltration ya karye, wanda ya haifar da lafiyayyen flocculate jikin tanki na tanki a ƙarshen gaba yana ratsa cikin yashi, kuma ultrafiltration ya fara haɓaka a cikin nau'in tacewa na tsaro sannan ya shiga ta hanyar tacewa don toshe membrane.
(2) Ƙara yawan PAC ko sodium metaaluminate ko PAM a cikin tanki mai laushi a gaban ƙarshen membrane yana haifar da wuce haddi na aluminum da sauran PAM a cikin maɗaukakiyar daɗaɗɗen.
(3) Masu hana sikelin ba su dace ba don samar da flocs.

Rashin daidaituwa na mai hana sikelin da aka ƙara ya zama ruwan dare a cikin amsawa tsakanin mai hana sikelin da ragowar aluminum a cikin juzu'in osmosis a cikin ruwa don samar da membrane na toshe floc.

Yadda za a yi hukunci:
(1) Hanyar yanke hukunci na karya waya ta ultrafiltration kamar haka:
Hanyar 1: Kula da gwada tsabtar ƙwayar matattara ta SDI. Hoton da ke ƙasa yana nuna farkon tacewa na 250ml na ultrafiltration ruwa samar da membrane a lokacin gwajin SDI (samar da ruwa na ultrafiltration yana da datti sosai, yana ɗaukar lokaci mai tsawo don tace 500ml, sannan ya tsaya).
Hanyar 2: Bincika ko turbidity na ultrafiltration samar da ruwa ya karu da yawa, kuma turbidity na ruwa na yau da kullum yana kusan 0.1NTU.
Hanyar 3: Tabbatar da karyewar waya ta hanyar lura da kumfa.

(2) Hanyar yin hukunci da wuce haddi na PAC ko sodium metaaluminate ko PAM a cikin membrane gaban sedimentation tanki ne kamar haka: Ko PAC ko sodium metaaluminate ne wuce kima ne yafi don gano precipitated aluminum abun ciki, wanda kullum sarrafa a

(3) Hanyar yanke hukunci na rashin daidaituwa na ma'auni shine kamar haka: An yi hukunci da shi ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje, kuma tsarin gwaji ya kwatanta ta ainihin aikin mu a matsayin misali. Ɗauki membrane a cikin ruwa kuma ƙara mai hana sikelin da aka yi amfani da shi akan wurin (matsakaicin daidai yake da na kan shafin) da PAC (an canza shi bisa ga abun ciki na ions aluminum a cikin mashigin membrane). Sa'an nan kuma ana lura da halayen motsa jiki ko akwai wani hazo da aka samu. A lokaci guda, ana yin saitin gwaje-gwajen marasa amfani, amma ba tare da PAC ba, sauran iri ɗaya ne.
•Ba a ƙara PAC, kawai mai hana sikelin da aka yi amfani da shi a wurin ana ƙarawa, babu hazo ya bayyana, kuma tsarin bai dace ba.
•Ƙarin PAC na kan-site da mai hana sikelin da sauri ya haifar da hazo wanda ya bayyana ya yi daidai da halaye masu gurɓatawa akan fuskar ƙarshen membrane.
• Tare da wani gwaji mai hana sikelin sikelin (wanda kuma aka ƙara PAC don amfani da filin), ba a lura da laka ba, kuma tsarin ya yi kama da juna.
Gwaje-gwajen da ke sama sun tabbatar da cewa mai hana sikelin da aka yi amfani da shi a cikin filin bai dace da PAC ba, yana haifar da hazo mai ruwa, kuma wani mai hana sikelin yana buƙatar maye gurbinsa.

Ma'auni:
(1) Idan ultrafiltration ya karye, dole ne a gyara filogin waya bisa ga hanyar jagorar membrane. Idan ya karye da yawa, ana ba da shawarar maye gurbinsa.
(2) Lokacin da yawan adadin PAC ko sodium metaaluminate ko PAM a cikin tanki mai hazo a gaban ƙarshen membrane, yakamata a ƙayyade adadin da ya dace ta hanyar gwajin beaker da manufofin sarrafa tsari.
(3) Idan aka gano mai hana sikelin bai dace ba, dole ne a maye gurbinsa. Lokacin amfani da sabon ma'auni mai hanawa, ya zama dole don ƙayyade ko ya dace da wakilin da aka ƙara akan shafin ta hanyar gwaje-gwaje.