Isikhokelo sokucoca amanzi ---- i-reverse osmosis membrane (RO)

Umgaqo:

Sebenzisa "isibhamu samanzi esinoxinzelelo oluphezulu" ukunyanzela iimolekyuli ezincinci ukuba "zigqobhoze imingxunya emincinci"

Umbindi we-reverse osmosis membrane yi-semi-permeable membrane enobukhulu be-pore obuyi-0.0001 microns kuphela. Indlela esebenza ngayo ikhethekile:
1. Isihluzo esixinzelelweyo: faka uxinzelelo kwimpompo yamanzi (njengokusebenzisa isibhamu samanzi esixinzelelweyo esiphezulu) ukunyanzela iimolekyuli zamanzi ezivela kwisisombululo esixinzelelweyo esiphezulu (amanzi aluhlaza) ukuba zicinezele kwi-membrane engenamanzi aze angene kwicala elixinzelelweyo elincinci (amanzi acocekileyo).
2. Ukuthintela ukungcola: Izinto ezinkulu kuneemolekyuli zamanzi (iintsimbi ezinzima, iintsholongwane, iibhaktheriya, ii-antibiotics, njl.njl.) zonke "ziyaliwa" kwaye zikhutshwe ngamanzi amdaka.
Ngamafutshane, i-RO membrane ifana "novavanyo lokhuseleko olukhulu" lwezithethe - kuphela "abemi abalungileyo" beemolekyuli zamanzi ezikhutshwayo, kwaye zonke ezinye izinto ezirhanelekayo ziyabanjwa!

Imisebenzi:

"Iqhawe elinomqolo osisiqingatha" lehlabathi lokucoca amanzi.

Iimembrane ze-osmosis ezibuyela umva zinokuchonga phantse zonke iingxaki zongcoliseko lwamanzi:

1. Izinto ezibangela isinyithi esinzima: iintsimbi ezinobuthi ezifana nelothe, i-mercury, kunye ne-arsenic azikwazi ukudlula.
2. Isiphelisi seentsholongwane: Kwane-norovirus (0.27 microns) inokuthintela.
3. Indlela yokusasaza i-limescale: Hlunga ngokupheleleyo i-calcium kunye ne-magnesium ions, kwaye kunzima ukuba iketile ikwazi ukukhulisa.
4. Ukhuseleko olupheleleyo: kwiintsalela zezibulali-zinambuzane, ii-antibiotics, ii-microplastics kunye nezinye izinto ezingcolisayo.

Kodwa ixabiso likwacacile: "liya kuhlasela ngokungakhethiyo", lihluza iiminerali eziluncedo emzimbeni womntu, ezifana ne-calcium kunye ne-magnesium.

Iimbonakalo:

"Umsindo omncinci" ongasemva "komfundi olungileyo".

Izinto ezilungileyo nezingalunganga ze-RO membrane zifana namacala amabini engqekembe:

Iingenelo:

Ukuchaneka okuphezulu kokuhluza: ubungakanani bembobo yi-0.0001 microns kuphela.

2. Umgangatho wamanzi oqinileyo uhambelana ngokubanzi: nokuba ngamanzi empompini, amanzi equla, okanye amanzi aqinileyo aphezulu, anokuvelisa amanzi acocekileyo azinzileyo.
   3. Ihlala ixesha elide kwaye ihlala ixesha elide: Ingasetyenziswa kangangeminyaka emi-2-3 phantsi kokusetyenziswa okuqhelekileyo (kuxhomekeke kumgangatho wamanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi).

Iingxaki:

1. Kufuneka unikwe amandla: xhomekeke kwimpompo yamanzi ukuze ufumane uxinzelelo, kwaye awukwazi ukusebenza xa umbane ungasebenzi.
   2. Ukuveliswa kwamanzi amdaka: Kwilitha nganye yamanzi amdaka avelisiweyo, malunga ne-1-3 yeelitha zamanzi amdaka ziyakhutshwa (umlinganiselo othile wamanzi amdaka uxhomekeke kwimodeli).

Amanqaku:

Musa ukuvumela "into eyenziweyo" ibe "yindawo yokungcakaza"

Ukuba ufuna umatshini we-RO ukhuphe ngokuzinzileyo isiphumo "setekhnoloji emnyama", musa ukungazinaki ezi nkcukacha:
1. Zama ukufaka into yokucoca kwangaphambili: I-PP cotton kunye ne-activated carbon filter element kufuneka "ibe yimela evaliweyo" kuqala, kungenjalo i-RO membrane iza kuvalwa kungekudala ngamasuntswana amakhulu.

2. Tshintsha into yesihluzo rhoqo:
   - Izinto ezintathu zokuqala zesihluzo (umqhaphu wePP, ikhabhoni esebenzayo) kufuneka zitshintshwe rhoqo emva kweenyanga ezi-6-12 (umjikelo othile wokutshintshwa kufuneka umiselwe ngokomgangatho wamanzi kunye nokusetyenziswa kwamanzi).
   - I-RO membrane itshintshwa rhoqo emva kweminyaka emi-2-3. Qaphela: Xa ukuphuma kwamanzi kuncitshisiwe ngaphezulu kwama-20%, imeko ye-membrane kufuneka ihlolwe, kwaye i-conductivity yamanzi acocekileyo kufuneka itshintshwa xa i-conductivity ye-RO yokuqala> iyi-10μ.s/cm okanye i-RO yesibini> 5ms/cm, kwaye xa izinga lokukhupha ityuwa lingaphantsi kwama-90% okanye umahluko woxinzelelo > 0.3Mpa, kufuneka itshintshwe ngoko nangoko.
   3. Musa ukuchitha amanzi amdaka: Amanzi amdaka akhutshiweyo angacocwa aze ahlanjwe aye kwindlu yangasese, nto leyo enobuhlobo nokusingqongileyo kwaye yonga imali.
   4. Akufuneki unqumle amanzi ixesha elide: akufuneki uvale ivalvu yamanzi kangangeentsuku ezingaphezu kwe-3 ukuthintela iintsholongwane ekukhuleni kwi-membrane.
   5. Ukuthintela ukuqandisa ebusika: yima uze ukhuphe umatshini xa ubushushu bungaphantsi kwama-5°C ukuthintela ifilimu ye-RO ukuba ingakhenkcezi.
   6. Khetha isicoci samanzi esinomsebenzi wokufunxa: ukufunxa ngokuzenzekelayo kunokunciphisa umlinganiselo kwaye kwandise ubomi befilimu ye-RO.