Iingcebiso ezi-5 zokwandisa ubomi be-RO Membrane kunye nokonga iindleko
- Qinisekisa ukuba amanzi okutya anyangwa kakuhle ngaphambi kokuba anyangwe
Umgangatho wamanzi okutya yeyona nto iphambili echaphazela ukusebenza kwe-RO membrane kunye nobomi bayo. Izinto ezingafunekiyo emanzini aluhlaza, njengezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo, ii-colloids, izinto eziphilayo, kunye ne-chlorine, zinokubangela umonakalo ongenakuphikiswa kwi-membrane. Ke ngoko, ukuphumeza inkqubo epheleleyo yonyango lwangaphambi konyango kubalulekile.
Okokuqala, faka isihluzo sesediment ukususa amasuntswana amakhulu anjengesanti, i-silt, kunye ne-rust, ezinokukrwela umphezulu we-membrane. Okwesibini, sebenzisa isihluzo sekhabhoni esisebenzayo ukususa i-chlorine kunye nee-organic compounds—i-chlorine, ngakumbi, inokubangela i-oxidize kwi-membrane material, nto leyo ekhokelela ekwehleni ngokukhawuleza kokusebenza kwe-desalination. Kumanzi ane-turbidity ephezulu okanye umxholo we-colloidal, ukongeza inyathelo lokuxinana kunye ne-flocculation kunokuphucula ngakumbi ukusebenza kwangaphambili konyango. Ngokuqinisekisa ukuba amanzi okutya ahlangabezana neemfuno zokungena kwe-membrane ye-RO, unokunciphisa ngempumelelo umngcipheko wokungcoliswa kwe-membrane kwaye ubeke isiseko esiqinileyo sokwandisa ubomi bayo benkonzo.
- Gcina iiParamitha zokuSebenza ezifanelekileyo
Ukusebenzisa inkqubo ye-RO ngaphakathi koluhlu lweeparameter ezicetyiswayo kubalulekile ukuze kuthintelwe uxinzelelo olugqithisileyo kwi-membrane. Iiparameter eziphambili zokujonga ziquka uxinzelelo lokusebenza, ubushushu, kunye nesantya sokubuyisela.
Uxinzelelo oluphezulu kakhulu lokusebenza lunokukhawulezisa ukuwohloka kwe-membrane kwaye lonyuse ukusetyenziswa kwamandla. Landela rhoqo izikhokelo zomenzi zoluhlu olufanelekileyo loxinzelelo. Ubushushu bukwachaphazela ukusebenza kwe-membrane—amaqondo obushushu aphezulu anokuphucula ukuhamba kwamanzi kodwa anokunyusa nesantya sokwanda kunye nokungcola. Ke ngoko, kuyimfuneko ukulawula ubushushu bamanzi okutya ngaphakathi koluhlu olufanelekileyo, ngesiqhelo phakathi kwama-25°C nama-35°C. Ukongeza, izinga lokubuyisela (umlinganiselo wamanzi emveliso kumanzi okutya) akufuneki libe phezulu kakhulu. Izinga eliphezulu lokubuyisela lingakhokelela kwiityuwa ezixineneyo kunye nongcoliseko kumphezulu we-membrane, okwandisa umngcipheko wokukhula. Ukulungisa izinga lokubuyisela ngokomgangatho wamanzi kunye noyilo lwenkqubo kunokulinganisela ukusebenza kakuhle kwemveliso yamanzi kunye nokukhuselwa kwe-membrane.
- Sebenzisa iinkqubo zokucoca rhoqo nezifanelekileyo
Nokuba kunyango olusebenzayo ngaphambi kokuba lunyangwe, ukungcoliswa kwe-membrane akunakuphepheka ngokuhamba kwexesha. Ukucoca ngexesha elifanelekileyo nangokufanelekileyo kunokususa izinto ezingcolisayo kwaye kubuyisele ukusebenza kwe-membrane. Nangona kunjalo, ukucocwa okungafanelekanga kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-membrane, ngoko ke kubalulekile ukulandela imigaqo yokucoca yesayensi.
Okokuqala, misela ishedyuli yokucoca rhoqo ngokusekelwe kwizalathisi zokusebenza kwenkqubo, ezinje ngokuncipha kokuhamba kwamanzi, ukunyuka koxinzelelo lokusebenza, okanye ukwehla kwesantya sokukhupha ityuwa emanzini. Okwesibini, khetha iarhente yokucoca efanelekileyo ngokwendlela yokungcola—umzekelo, sebenzisa izicoci ezine-asidi ukususa izikali ezingaphiliyo (ezifana ne-calcium carbonate) kunye nezicoci ze-alkaline ukuze ususe ukungcoliswa kwendalo kunye nokungcoliswa kwendalo. Kuphephe ukusebenzisa iikhemikhali eziqatha ezingahambelaniyo nezinto ze-membrane. Ngexesha lenkqubo yokucoca, lawula uxinzelelo lwearhente yokucoca, ubushushu, kunye nexesha lokucoca ngokungqongqo. Emva kokucoca, hlambulula i-membrane kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo ukuze ususe nayiphi na iarhente yokucoca eseleyo, enokubangela umonakalo wexesha elide ukuba ishiywe ngasemva.
- Jonga kwaye Ulawule Umgangatho Wamanzi Ngokuqhubekayo
Ukubeka iliso rhoqo emanzini okutya, amanzi emveliso, kunye nomgangatho wamanzi aqinileyo kunokunceda ekufumaneni iingxaki ezinokubakho kwangethuba kwaye kuthathwe amanyathelo okuthintela ngexesha elifanelekileyo. Izalathisi eziphambili zokubeka iliso ziquka ukufuma, ixabiso le-pH, umxholo we-chlorine, izinto ezinyibilikisiweyo zizonke (TDS), kunye nokuqhuba kombane.
Faka izixhobo zokubeka esweni kwi-intanethi ukuze ulandelele ezi mpawu ngexesha langempela. Umzekelo, imitha yokutshintsha kwamanzi ingakwazisa ngokwanda kwezinto eziqinileyo ezixhonyiweyo emanzini okuphakela, nto leyo ekwenza ujonge kwaye utshintshe isihluzo sangaphambi konyango. Imitha ye-pH inganceda ukugcina i-pH yamanzi okuphakelayo ikwinqanaba elifanelekileyo (ngesiqhelo ukusuka kwi-6.5 ukuya kwi-8.5) ukuthintela ukubola okanye ukwakheka kwe-membrane. Ukuvavanya rhoqo i-TDS kunye nokuqhuba kwamanzi emveliso kunokubonakalisa ukusebenza kwe-membrane yokukhupha ityuwa—nakuphi na ukunyuka ngequbuliso kunokubonisa umonakalo we-membrane okanye ukungcola. Ngokuhlala uphaphile malunga notshintsho lomgangatho wamanzi, unokujongana neengxaki ngaphambi kokuba zinyuke, ngaloo ndlela ukhusela i-membrane kwaye unciphise iindleko zokulungisa.
- Sebenzisa iindlela ezichanekileyo zokuvala nokugcina izinto
Ukuvalwa nokugcinwa okungafanelekanga kwenkqubo ye-RO kunokubangela umonakalo omkhulu kwi-membrane, ingakumbi ngexesha lokungasebenzi ixesha elide. Ke ngoko, ukulandela iinkqubo ezichanekileyo zokuvalwa nokugcinwa kubalulekile ukuze kwandiswe ubomi be-membrane.
Xa uvala inkqubo ixesha elifutshane (ngaphantsi kweveki), hlanza i-membrane ngamanzi emveliso ukuze ususe naziphi na izinto ezingcolisayo eziseleyo, uze ugcine i-membrane imanzi ukuze uthintele ukoma—ukoma kunokubangela umonakalo ongenakulungiseka kwisakhiwo se-membrane esineembobo. Ukuze uvale ixesha elide (ngaphezu kweveki), sebenzisa isisombululo sokugcina (njengesisombululo se-sodium bisulfite) ukuze untywilisele i-membrane. Qinisekisa ukuba uxinaniso lwe-preservative lufanelekile kwaye utshintshe isisombululo rhoqo ukuze uthintele ukukhula kweebhaktheriya. Ngaphambi kokuba uqalise inkqubo kwakhona, hlanza i-membrane kakuhle ngamanzi acocekileyo ukuze ususe i-preservative, uqinisekise ukuba amanzi emveliso ayahlangabezana neemfuno zomgangatho.
Isiphelo
Ukwandisa ubomi bee-RO membranes nokunciphisa iindleko zokusebenza asingomsebenzi unzima—kufuna ukuphunyezwa rhoqo konyango olufanelekileyo lwangaphambi kokusetyenziswa, ulawulo olungqongqo lweeparamitha zokusebenza, ukucoca rhoqo, ukujonga umgangatho wamanzi rhoqo, kunye neendlela ezichanekileyo zokuvala nokugcina. Ngokulandela la macebiso mahlanu, awunakwandisa ubomi benkonzo yee-RO membranes kuphela, ukunciphisa ukuphindaphindwa kokutshintshwa okubizayo, kodwa nokuphucula ukusebenza kakuhle kwenkqubo ye-RO, ukunciphisa iindleko zamandla kunye nokugcinwa. Ukutyala ixesha kunye nomgudu kula manyathelo okuthintela kuya kuzisa iingenelo zoqoqosho zexesha elide kwaye kuqinisekise ukusebenza okuzinzileyo nokuthembekileyo kwenkqubo yakho yonyango lwamanzi.