5 Ngā Tohutohu hei Whakaroa i te Ora o te Membrane RO me te Penapena i ngā Utu
- Me whakarite kia whai hua te maimoatanga o te wai whāngai
Ko te kounga o te wai whāngai te mea matua e pā ana ki te mahi me te roa o te ora o te membrane RO. Ko ngā matū kino i roto i te wai mata, pērā i ngā totoka i whakatārewatia, ngā korori, ngā mea rauropi, me te chlorine, ka taea te whakararu i te membrane. Nō reira, he mea nui te whakatinana i tētahi tukanga maimoatanga whānui i mua i te whakamahinga.
Tuatahi, tāutahia he tātari parapara hei tango i ngā matūriki nunui pērā i te onepu, te paru, me te waikura, ka taea te rakuraku i te mata o te kiriuhi. Tuarua, whakamahia he tātari waro whakahohe hei whakakore i te chlorine me ngā matū waro—ko te chlorine, ina koa, ka taea te waikura i te rauemi kiriuhi, ka heke tere te mahi tango tote. Mō te wai he nui te turbidity, he nui rānei te ihirangi colloidal, mā te tāpiri i te taahiraa coagulation me te flocculation ka taea te whakapai ake i te pai o te maimoatanga i mua. Mā te whakarite kia tutuki te wai whāngai i ngā whakaritenga whakauru o te kiriuhi RO, ka taea e koe te whakaiti i te mōrearea o te poke o te kiriuhi me te whakatakoto i tētahi turanga pakari mō te whakaroa i tōna roanga mahi.
- Kia mau tonu ngā tawhā whakahaere tika
He mea nui te whakahaere i te pūnaha RO i roto i te awhe tawhā kua tūtohutia kia kore ai e nui rawa te ahotea ki runga i te kiriuhi. Ko ngā tawhā matua hei aroturuki ko te pēhanga whakahaere, te pāmahana, me te tere whakaora.
Ka taea e te pēhanga mahi tino teitei te whakatere i te pirau o te kiriuhi me te whakanui ake i te whakapaunga pūngao. Me whai tonu i ngā aratohu a te kaihanga mō te awhe pēhanga tino pai. Ka pā hoki te pāmahana ki te mahi a te kiriuhi—ka taea e ngā pāmahana teitei ake te whakapai ake i te rere o te wai engari ka taea hoki te whakanui ake i te tere o te tauine me te poke. Nō reira, me whakahaere te pāmahana wai whāngai i roto i te awhe whaitake, i waenga i te 25°C me te 35°C. Hei tāpiri, kaua te tere whakaora (te ōwehenga o te wai hua ki te wai whāngai) e tino teitei. Ka taea e te tere whakaora teitei te arahi ki ngā tote me ngā poke kukū ki te mata o te kiriuhi, ka piki ake te mōrearea o te tauine. Mā te whakarerekē i te tere whakaora kia rite ki te kounga o te wai me te hoahoa pūnaha ka taea te whakataurite i te pai o te whakaputa wai me te tiaki kiriuhi.
- Whakatinanahia ngā Tukanga Horoi Auau me te Tika
Ahakoa te whai hua o te maimoatanga i mua, kāore e taea te karo i te paru o te kiriuhi i roto i te wā. Mā te horoi tika me te wā tika ka taea te tango i ngā matū paru me te whakahoki mai i te mahi a te kiriuhi. Heoi, mā te horoi hē ka nui ake te kino o te kiriuhi, nō reira he mea nui kia whai i ngā tikanga horoi pūtaiao.
Tuatahi, whakatūria he kaupapa horoi auau i runga i ngā tohu mahi a te pūnaha, pērā i te hekenga o te rere o te wai, te pikinga o te pēhanga whakahaere, te hekenga rānei o te tere tango tote. Tuarua, whiriwhiria te kaihoroi e tika ana kia rite ki te momo poke—hei tauira, whakamahia ngā kaihoroi waikawa hei tango i ngā unahi kore-waro (pērā i te konupūmā kāponāte) me ngā kaihoroi kawakore hei whakakore i te poke waro me te poke koiora. Āta karohia te whakamahi i ngā matū kino kāore e hototahi ki te rauemi membrane. I te wā horoi, kia tino whakahaerehia te kukū o te kaihoroi, te pāmahana, me te wā horoi. I muri i te horoinga, horoia rawatia te membrane ki te wai ma hei tango i ngā toenga kaihoroi, ka taea te whakararu i te wa roa mēnā ka mahue.
- Aroturuki me te Whakahaere i te Kounga Wai i ngā Wā Katoa
Mā te aroturuki tonu i te wai whāngai, te wai hua, me te kounga o te wai kukū ka āwhina i te kimi wawe i ngā raruraru pea, me te mahi i ngā mahi ārai i te wā tika. Ko ngā tohu aroturuki matua ko te paru, te uara pH, te nui o te chlorine, te katoa o ngā matū rewa (TDS), me te kawe hiko.
Tāutahia ngā taputapu aroturuki ipurangi hei aroturuki i ēnei tohu i te wā tūturu. Hei tauira, ka taea e te mita turbidity te whakatūpato i a koe mō te pikinga o ngā totoka iri i roto i te wai whāngai, ka akiaki i a koe ki te tirotiro me te whakakapi i te tātari maimoatanga i mua. Ka taea e te mita pH te āwhina ki te pupuri i te pH o te wai whāngai i roto i te awhe tino pai (ko te tikanga 6.5 ki te 8.5) hei ārai i te waikura, te tauine rānei o te membrane. Mā te whakamātautau auau i te TDS me te kawe hiko o te wai hua ka taea te whakaata i te mahi tango tote o te membrane—ko te pikinga ohorere ka tohu pea i te kino, i te poke rānei o te membrane. Mā te noho mataara ki ngā huringa kounga wai, ka taea e koe te whakatika i ngā raruraru i mua i te pikinga ake, ā, mā reira ka tiakina te membrane me te whakaiti i ngā utu tiaki.
- Whakamahi i ngā Tikanga Whakaweto me te Rokiroki Tika
Mā te kore e kati me te rokiroki tika i te pūnaha RO ka kino rawa te kiriuhi, inā koa i te wā e kore e mahi ana mō te wā roa. Nō reira, he mea nui te whai i ngā tikanga kati me te rokiroki tika kia roa ake ai te ora o te kiriuhi.
Ina whakawetohia te pūnaha mō te wā poto (iti iho i te wiki), horoia te kiriuhi ki te wai hua hei tango i ngā paru toenga, kātahi ka waiho kia mākū te kiriuhi kia kore ai e maroke—ka taea e te maroke te whakararu i te hanganga pūwero o te kiriuhi. Mō te whakaweto mō te wā roa (neke atu i te wiki), whakamahia he otinga tiaki (pērā i te otinga konutai bisulfite) hei rumaki i te kiriuhi. Me whakarite kia tika te kukū o te tiaki, ā, whakakapia te otinga i ia wā hei ārai i te tipu o ngā huakita. I mua i te tīmatanga anō o te pūnaha, horoia rawatia te kiriuhi ki te wai ma hei tango i te tiaki, me te whakarite kia tutuki i te wai hua ngā whakaritenga kounga.
Whakamutunga
Ehara i te mahi uaua te whakaroa i te roa o te ora o ngā kiriuhi RO me te whakaiti i ngā utu whakahaere—me whakatinana tonu te maimoatanga tika i mua, te whakahaere pakari i ngā tawhā whakahaere, te horoi auau, te aroturuki tonu i te kounga wai, me ngā tikanga kati me te rokiroki tika. Mā te whai i ēnei tohutohu e rima, kāore e taea e koe te whakaroa noa i te roa o te ora o ngā kiriuhi RO, te whakaiti i te auau o ngā whakakapinga utu nui, engari ka whakapai ake hoki i te whai huatanga whānui o te pūnaha RO, te whakaiti i ngā utu pūngao me te tiaki. Mā te whakapau wā me te kaha ki ēnei mahi ārai ka puta mai he painga ōhanga mō te wā roa, ā, ka whakarite kia pumau, kia pono hoki te mahi a tō pūnaha maimoatanga wai.