Qhov ua rau thiab kev daws teeb meem rau clogging ntawm thim rov qab osmosis membrane ntsiab

1. 3 Kev Ceeb Toom Qhia Txog Kev Rov Qab Osmosis Membrane Thaiv.

• Cov ntim ntau lawm tau poob ntau dua 10% piv rau tus nqi pib, thiab lub siab tau nce ntxiv.
• Tus desalination tus nqi txo los ntawm 5%, thiab tag nrho cov yaj yaj (TDS) tus nqi ntawm cov dej tsim tau nce sharply.
• Thaum lub siab sib txawv ntawm daim nyias nyias module tshaj 0.07 MPa, lub suab nrov ua haujlwm yuav nrov.

2. 3 Hom kev ua qias tuaj.

• Inorganic pollution (feem ntau)
• Ua rau: Calcium thiab magnesium ions, carbonates, sulfates, hlau thiab manganese ions, thiab lwm yam tam sim no nyob rau hauv cov dej nyoos deposit rau ntawm daim nyias nyias raws li nplai (xws li calcium carbonate thiab barium sulfate), tshwj xeeb tshaj yog thaum tus nqi rov qab siab dhau lawm thiab cov dej kub sib txawv heev, qhov tshwm sim no feem ntau tshwm sim.
• Cov tsos mob tshwm sim: qhov sib txawv ntawm qhov sib txawv ntawm daim nyias nyias tau nce sai heev, cov dej ntim ntau zuj zus txo qis, thiab cov nyhuv yog pom tseeb tom qab ntxuav nrog hydrochloric acid.
• Cov xwm txheej pheej hmoo siab: kev kho dej hauv av, kev ua haujlwm siab tawv tawv dej.
• Organic pollution
• Ua rau: Organic tshuaj xws li humic acid, tannin, roj, thiab surfactants nyob rau hauv cov dej nyoos adheres rau daim nyias nyias, tsim cov av nplaum uas txhaws cov membrane pore raws.
• Cov tsos mob tshwm sim: Qhov zoo ntawm cov dej effluent deteriorates (TDS nce), thiab daj-xim av los yog dub nplaum deposits tshwm rau ntawm daim nyias nyias. Cov no tuaj yeem raug tshem tawm zoo tom qab ntxuav alkaline.
• Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai: kev kho dej saum npoo av, cov dej khib nyiab hauv nroog rov siv dua.
• Kev kis kab mob lom
• Ua rau: Cov kab mob xws li cov kab mob, cov kab mob, thiab cov algae hauv cov dej nyoos sib xyaw rau ntawm daim nyias nyias, tsim cov biofilm. Qhov no tsis tsuas yog clogs lub membrane pores tab sis kuj secretes metabolic khoom uas corrode lub membrane Cheebtsam.
• Cov tsos mob tshwm sim: Lub membrane module emits ib qho tsis kaj siab tsw, cov dej ntau lawm ntim poob sharply, thiab muaj ib tug ntau ntawm cov kab mob. Hauv cov xwm txheej zoo li no, yuav tsum siv tshuaj tua kab mob ua ke nrog kev ntxuav.
• Cov xwm txheej txaus ntshai: cov dej tsis huv uas tsis muaj tshuaj tua kab mob, qhov chaw ua haujlwm tsis zoo thiab tsis muaj zog.

3. 4-kauj ruam tus qauv tu txoj kev

• Kauj Ruam 1: Kev kho ua ntej —— Tshem tawm cov dej qub thiab npaj cov tshuaj ntxuav
• Kaw qhov rov qab osmosis system, qhib lub qhov tso tawm rau cov dej muaj zog, thiab ua kom cov dej nyoos seem ntawm daim nyias nyias.
• Npaj los ntxuav lub tank dej thiab npaj cov tshuaj ntxuav hauv qhov piv txwv (nws pom zoo kom siv dej deionized los yog dej distilled kom tsis txhob qhia cov impurities tshiab):
• Alkali tshuaj ntxuav: 0.1 - 0.5% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) + 0.05 - 0.1% surfactant (xws li sodium dodecylbenzenesulfonate), nrog pH tus nqi tswj ntawm 10 - 11;
• Pickling daws: 0.5 - 1% citric acid (los yog 0.2 - 0.5% hydrochloric acid), nrog pH tus nqi tswj ntawm 2 - 3;

• Kauj Ruam 2: Alkali ntxuav - Soaking + Circulation, kom yaj cov organic / lom kab mob
• Txhaj cov tshuaj ntxuav alkaline npaj rau hauv lub tank dej ntxuav, thiab tom qab ntawd muab tso rau hauv daim nyias nyias los ntawm lub twj tso kua mis booster (nrog lub siab ntawm ≤ 0.2 MPa) kom ntseeg tau tias cov ntsiab lus ntawm cov membrane yog tag nrho submerged.
• Kaw lub qhov tso tawm, ua 30-60 feeb ntawm kev ntxuav. Thaum lub sijhawm no, nres lub tshuab txhua 10 feeb rau 5 feeb kom tso cai rau cov tshuaj ntxuav kom nkag mus rau hauv av.
• Tom qab lub voj voog ua tiav, qhib lub qhov tso tawm thiab tshem tawm cov tshuaj ntxuav alkaline tag. Yaug lub membrane module nrog dej huv 2-3 zaug kom txog thaum cov dej ntws tsis muaj npuas lossis tsw tsw.

• Kauj Ruam 3: Acid ntxuav - Circulation + Neutralization, kom tshem tawm cov nplais tsis muaj zog
• Kuvnject cov tshuaj ntxuav cov kua qaub thiab ua ib lub voj voog tu ntawm lub siab ntawm ≤ 0.2 MPa rau 20 mus rau 40 feeb. Thaum lub sijhawm ua haujlwm no, yuav tsum muaj 10-feeb soaking lub sijhawm.
• Tsom ntsoov rau kev ntxuav lub qhov kawg ntawm lub membrane module (qhov chaw uas muaj cov nplais siab), thiab koj tuaj yeem tsim nyog txuas lub sijhawm ncig.
• Tom qab cov txheej txheem pickling tiav lawm, tam sim ntawd yaug nrog dej huv kom txog thaum pH tus nqi ntawm cov dej rov qab mus rau nruab nrab (6.5 - 7.5). Tsis txhob tso cov kua qaub seem uas tuaj yeem ua rau cov txheej txheem membrane.

• Kauj Ruam 4: Tom qab ua tiav - Pilot khiav, xyuas cov nyhuv tu
• Pib qhov rov qab osmosis system thiab ua qhov kev ntsuas qis qis (siab 0.3 - 0.5 MPa). Saib cov ntsuas xws li cov dej ntim ntau lawm thiab tus nqi desalination:
• Yog tias cov dej ntau lawm rov qab mus rau ntau dua 90% ntawm tus nqi pib thiab tus nqi desalination rov qab mus rau qhov qub, nws qhia tau tias cov txheej txheem ntxuav tau ua tiav.
• Yog tias cov nyhuv tsis txaus siab, koj tuaj yeem rov ua "alkali ntxuav → kua qaub" txheej txheem ib zaug. Tsis txhob ntau tshaj 2 zaug (kev ntxuav ntau dhau yuav ua rau daim nyias nyias pore loj).
• Tom qab kev sim khiav ib teev, ntsuas tus nqi TDS, tus nqi ntws thiab qhov sib txawv ntawm cov dej tsim, sau cov ntaub ntawv thiab sib piv nrog cov ntaub ntawv ua ntej ntxuav. Tom qab ntawd, tsim cov ntaub ntawv tu.

Cov ntsiab lus tseem ceeb:

• Kev siv cov tshuaj ntxuav tu uas muaj cov tshuaj chlorine lossis oxidants (xws li 84 tshuaj tua kab mob) yog nruj me ntsis txwv tsis pub thoob plaws hauv cov txheej txheem, vim lawv tuaj yeem oxidize cov yeeb yaj kiab.
• Thaum ntxuav, lub siab yuav tsum tsis txhob ntau tshaj 0.3MPa, thiab tus nqi ntws yuav tsum tau tswj ntawm 50-70% ntawm cov nqi txaus siab kom tsis txhob muaj kev kub ntxhov ntawm cov membrane pores.
• Yog tias cov kab mob sib kis hnyav heev, nws tuaj yeem tsau rau hauv 0.1% hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) lossis tshwj xeeb thim rov qab osmosis membrane biocide rau 10 feeb ua ntej ntxuav alkaline, thiab tom qab ntawd kev ntxuav tsis tu ncua tuaj yeem nqa tawm.

4. 3 Lub Tswv Yim Kom Txo Membrane Thaiv

• Txhim khu kev kho ua ntej ntawm cov dej nyoos: Nruab cov lim dej ua ntej thiab cov lim dej lim dej kom tshem tawm cov khoom loj, cov khoom siv organic thiab cov chlorine seem ntawm cov dej nyoos.
• Tswj kev khiav hauj lwm parameter: Tus nqi rov qab tau pom zoo kom khaws cia qis dua 75%. Tsis tu ncua yaug cov membrane modules (kho rau 5 feeb ua ntej txhua qhov pib thiab 10 feeb tom qab kaw).
• Kev saib xyuas tsis tu ncua: Ntxuav ib zaug txhua 3-6 lub hlis (qhov chaw muaj kab mob hnyav dua yuav tsum tau ntxuav ib zaug txhua 1-2 lub hlis). Thaum lub sijhawm kaw mus ntev, muab tso rau hauv daim nyias nyias ntawm 1% sodium bisulfite tov los tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob.

5. Hauv cov xwm txheej no, nws raug nquahu kom hloov cov membrane ntsiab ncaj qha!

• Yog tias ib qho ntawm cov xwm txheej hauv qab no tshwm sim, nws qhia tau hais tias cov khoom siv membrane tau raug kev puas tsuaj uas tsis tuaj yeem rov qab tau thiab kev ntxuav tsis tuaj yeem rov qab los. Nws yog tsim nyog los hloov nws tam sim:
• Tom qab ntxuav, cov dej tso tawm tseem nyob qis dua 70% ntawm tus nqi pib, thiab tus nqi desalination txo qis dua 10%.
• Cov khoom siv hauv daim nyias nyias tau raug kev puas tsuaj los yog to (kuaj los ntawm kev ntsuas siab);
• Cov ntsiab lus ntawm daim nyias nyias muaj lub neej kev pab ntau tshaj 3 xyoos (qhov kev ua neej ib txwm muaj), tab sis lawv qhov kev ua tau zoo txuas ntxiv mus.