Magani na gama gari 25 na matsalar fasahar osmosis membrane na baya (Sashe na 4)

19. Menene tasirin pH akan ƙimar cirewa, samar da ruwa, da rayuwar membrane?

Matsakaicin pH daidai da samfuran membrane osmosis gabaɗaya shine 2-11, kuma pH yana da ɗan tasiri akan aikin membrane kanta, wanda shine ɗayan mahimman halaye daban-daban da sauran samfuran membrane. Duk da haka, halayen ions da yawa a cikin ruwa suna tasiri sosai ta hanyar pH. Alal misali, lokacin da raunin acid kamar citric acid ke cikin yanayin da ba na ionic ba a ƙarƙashin ƙananan yanayin pH, sun rabu kuma sun zama ionic a babban darajar pH. Saboda girman matakin cajin ion iri ɗaya, adadin cirewar membrane yana da yawa. Idan matakin cajin ya yi ƙasa ko a'a, adadin cirewar membrane yana da ƙasa. Sabili da haka, pH yana da tasiri mai mahimmanci akan adadin cire wasu ƙazanta.

20. Menene alakar dake tsakanin TDS na ruwa mai shigowa da aiki?

Lokacin samun ƙimar tafiyar da mashigin, dole ne a canza shi zuwa ƙimar TDS ta yadda za a iya shigar da shi yayin ƙirar software. Ga mafi yawan hanyoyin ruwa, rabon haɓakawa zuwa TDS yana tsakanin 1.2 da 1.7. Don ƙirar ROSA, ana amfani da rabo na 1.4 don ruwan teku kuma ana amfani da rabo na 1.3 don jujjuyawar ruwa mai ƙarfi, wanda yawanci yana haifar da ƙima mai ƙima.

21.Ta yaya za a san idan membrane ya gurbata?

Alamomin gurɓata na yau da kullun sune masu zuwa:

1. A ƙarƙashin matsi mai mahimmanci, samar da ruwa yana raguwa
2. Don cimma daidaitattun samar da ruwa, ya zama dole don ƙara matsa lamba v
3. Digon matsin lamba tsakanin mashigai da ruwa mai tauri yana ƙaruwa ta v
4. Nauyin sassan membrane yana ƙaruwa ta v
5. Mahimman canje-canje a cikin adadin cire membrane (ƙara ko raguwa)
6. Lokacin da aka cire bangaren daga jirgin ruwa, zuba ruwa a gefen shigarwa na bangaren membrane na tsaye. Ruwa ba zai iya gudana ta ɓangaren membrane ba kuma kawai yana ambaliya daga fuskar ƙarshen (yana nuna cikakken toshe tashar shiga).

22. Yadda za a hana ci gaban microorganisms a cikin ainihin marufi na membrane aka gyara?

Lokacin da maganin kariya ya zama gajimare, yana yiwuwa saboda haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta. Ya kamata a duba abubuwan da aka kiyaye na membrane tare da sodium bisulfite kowane wata uku. Lokacin da maganin kariyar ya zama gajimare, ya kamata a cire abubuwan da ke cikin jakar ajiyar da aka rufe kuma a sake jiƙa a cikin sabon bayani mai kariya tare da maida hankali na 1% (ta nauyi) matakin abinci sodium bisulfite (ba a kunna shi ta hanyar cobalt), jiƙa na kusan awa 1, kuma a sake rufe shi. Ya kamata a zubar da abubuwan da aka gyara kafin a sake tattarawa.

23. Menene buƙatun shigar ruwa don abubuwan RO membrane?

A ka'idar, shigar da tsarin RO da IX bai kamata ya ƙunshi abubuwa masu zuwa ba:

1. Daskararrun da aka dakatar, colloid, calcium sulfate, algae, bakteriya, oxidants, kamar ragowar chlorine, da sauransu.
2. Man fetur ko abubuwan lipid (dole ne su kasance ƙasa da ƙananan iyakar gano kayan aiki)
3. Rukunin Chromium na kwayoyin halitta da kwayoyin halitta na ƙarfe
4. Karfe oxides kamar kayayyakin lalata na ƙarfe, jan ƙarfe, da aluminum

23. Wadanne ƙazanta ne za su iya cire membranes RO?

RO membrane zai iya cire ions da kwayoyin halitta yadda ya kamata. Reverse osmosis membrane yana da ƙimar cirewa mafi girma fiye da nanofiltration membrane. Reverse osmosis na iya yawanci cire 99% na gishiri a cikin ruwan ciyarwa, kuma yawan cire kwayoyin halitta a cikin ruwan abinci shine ≥ 99%.

24. Ta yaya kuka san hanyar tsaftacewa don amfani da tsarin membrane na ku?

Don cimma sakamako mafi kyau na tsaftacewa, yana da matukar muhimmanci a zabi abubuwan tsaftacewa da aka yi niyya da matakan tsaftacewa. Tsaftacewa mara daidai yana iya lalata aikin tsarin. Gabaɗaya magana, don gurɓataccen ƙwayar cuta, ana ba da shawarar yin amfani da mafita mai tsaftace acidic, ƙazantattun ƙwayoyin cuta ko ƙwayoyin cuta, kuma ana ba da shawarar hanyoyin tsabtace alkaline.

Me yasa ƙimar pH na RO ya samar da ruwa ƙasa da ƙimar pH na ruwa mai tasiri?

Lokacin da aka fahimci ma'auni tsakanin CO2, HCO3-, da CO3 =, mafi kyawun amsar wannan tambaya za a iya samu. A cikin rufaffiyar tsarin, abun cikin dangi na CO2, HCO3-, da CO3 = ya bambanta da ƙimar pH. A ƙarƙashin ƙananan yanayin pH, CO2 yana lissafin yawancin, tare da HCO3- rinjaye a cikin matsakaicin pH da CO3 = rinjaye a cikin babban pH. Saboda ikon RO membrane don cire ions masu narkewa amma ba gas mai narkewa ba, abun ciki na CO2 a cikin ruwan samar da RO daidai yake da na RO. Duk da haka, HCO3- da CO3 = sau da yawa ana iya rage su ta hanyar 1-2 umarni na girma, wanda zai iya karya ma'auni tsakanin CO2, HCO3-, da CO3 = masu tasiri. A cikin jerin halayen, CO2 zai haɗu tare da H2O don jurewa canjin ma'auni mai zuwa har sai an kafa sabon ma'auni.

Idan tasirin ya ƙunshi CO2, ƙimar pH na RO da aka samar da ruwa zai ragu koyaushe. Don yawancin tsarin RO, ƙimar pH na reverse osmosis samar da ruwa zai ragu da sau 1-2. Lokacin da tasirin alkalinity da HCO3- suna da girma, ƙimar pH na ruwan da aka samar zai ragu har ma da ƙari.

Ƙananan adadin ruwa mai shigowa, wanda ke ɗauke da ƙasan CO2, HCO3- ko CO3 =, yana haifar da ƙarancin bambanci a cikin ƙimar pH na ruwan da aka samar. A wasu ƙasashe da yankuna, akwai ƙa'idodi don ƙimar pH na ruwan sha, gabaɗaya daga 6.5 zuwa 9.0. Kamar yadda muka fahimta, ana yin hakan ne don hana lalata bututun ruwa. Shan ruwan ƙananan pH kanta ba zai haifar da matsalolin lafiya ba. Kamar yadda aka sani, yawancin abubuwan shaye-shaye na carbonated suna da ƙimar pH tsakanin 2 zuwa 4.