25 kev daws teeb meem ntawm kev rov qab osmosis membrane technology (Part 4)

19. Dab tsi yog qhov cuam tshuam ntawm pH ntawm kev tshem tawm, kev tsim dej, thiab lub neej ntawm daim nyias nyias?

Cov pH ntau sib xws rau cov khoom siv rov qab osmosis membrane feem ntau yog 2-11, thiab pH tsis tshua muaj kev cuam tshuam rau daim nyias nyias ntawm nws tus kheej, uas yog ib qho tseem ceeb ntawm cov khoom sib txawv ntawm lwm cov khoom siv membrane. Txawm li cas los xij, cov yam ntxwv ntawm ntau ions hauv dej yog cuam tshuam los ntawm pH. Piv txwv li, thaum tsis muaj zog acids xws li citric acid nyob rau hauv lub xeev tsis-ionic nyob rau hauv qis pH tej yam kev mob, lawv dissociate thiab ua ionic ntawm high pH nqi. Vim lub siab nqi ntawm tib ion, qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm daim nyias nyias yog siab. Yog tias tus nqi qis qis los yog tsis, qhov kev tshem tawm ntawm daim nyias nyias yog tsawg. Yog li, pH muaj qhov cuam tshuam loj rau kev tshem tawm ntawm qee yam impurities.

20. Dab tsi yog qhov kev sib raug zoo ntawm TDS ntawm cov dej nkag thiab cov khoom siv hluav taws xob?

Thaum tau txais tus nqi inlet conductivity, nws yuav tsum tau hloov mus rau TDS tus nqi kom nws tuaj yeem nkag tau thaum tsim software. Rau feem ntau cov dej, qhov piv ntawm conductivity rau TDS yog nyob nruab nrab ntawm 1.2 thiab 1.7. Rau ROSA tsim, qhov piv ntawm 1.4 yog siv rau cov dej hiav txwv thiab qhov piv ntawm 1.3 yog siv rau kev hloov pauv dej brackish, uas feem ntau yields tus nqi hloov pauv zoo.

21.Yuav ua li cas thiaj paub yog tias daim nyias nyias tau paug?

Cov hauv qab no yog cov tsos mob ntawm cov pa phem:

1. Raws li tus qauv siab, cov dej ntau lawm txo
2. Yuav kom ua tiav cov txheej txheem dej ntau lawm, nws yog ib qho tsim nyog yuav tsum tau ua kom muaj kev khiav hauj lwm siab v
3. Lub siab poob ntawm inlet thiab concentrated dej nce los ntawm v
4. Qhov hnyav ntawm cov khoom siv membrane nce los ntawm v
5. Cov kev hloov pauv tseem ceeb hauv kev tshem tawm cov membrane (nce lossis txo)
6. Thaum cov khoom raug tshem tawm ntawm lub nkoj siab, ncuav dej mus rau sab inlet ntawm ntsug membrane tivthaiv. Dej tsis tuaj yeem ntws los ntawm cov membrane tivthaiv thiab tsuas yog ntws los ntawm lub ntsej muag kawg nkaus xwb (xws li kev thaiv tag nrho ntawm cov inlet channel).

22. Yuav ua li cas tiv thaiv kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob hauv lub hauv paus ntim ntawm cov khoom siv membrane?

Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dhau los ua huab, nws yuav yog vim kev loj hlob ntawm cov kab mob. Membrane Cheebtsam tiv thaiv nrog sodium bisulfite yuav tsum tau tshuaj xyuas txhua peb lub hlis. Thaum cov tshuaj tiv thaiv dhau los ua huab, cov khoom yuav tsum tau muab tshem tawm los ntawm lub hnab ntim khoom ntim thiab rov qab ntim rau hauv cov tshuaj tiv thaiv tshiab nrog cov ntsiab lus ntawm 1% (los ntawm qhov hnyav) zaub mov qib sodium bisulfite (tsis qhib los ntawm cobalt), soaked rau li 1 teev, thiab rov ntim dua. Cov khoom xyaw yuav tsum tau drained ua ntej repacking.

23. Dab tsi yog cov dej nkag rau hauv RO membrane cov khoom?

Hauv txoj kev xav, nkag mus rau RO thiab IX systems yuav tsum tsis txhob muaj cov impurities hauv qab no:

1. Tshem tawm cov khib nyiab, colloids, calcium sulfate, algae, kab mob, oxidants, xws li residual chlorine, thiab lwm yam
2. Cov roj los yog cov tshuaj lipid (yuav tsum yog qis dua qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas qhov ntsuas)
3. Chromium complexes ntawm cov organic teeb meem thiab hlau organic teeb meem
4. Hlau oxides xws li corrosion khoom ntawm hlau, tooj liab, thiab txhuas

23. Dab tsi impurities tuaj yeem tshem tawm RO membranes?

RO membrane tuaj yeem tshem tawm cov ions thiab cov organic teeb meem zoo. Rov qab osmosis membrane muaj qhov tshem tawm ntau dua li nanofiltration membrane. Rov qab osmosis feem ntau tuaj yeem tshem tawm 99% ntawm cov ntsev hauv cov dej pub, thiab kev tshem tawm cov organic teeb meem hauv cov dej pub yog ≥ 99%.

24. Yuav ua li cas koj paub yuav ua li cas ntxuav txoj kev siv rau koj daim nyias nyias?

Txhawm rau kom ua tiav cov txiaj ntsig zoo tshaj plaws, nws yog ib qho tseem ceeb heev uas yuav tsum xaiv cov tshuaj ntxuav tu thiab cov kauj ruam tu. Kev tu tsis raug tuaj yeem ua rau kev ua haujlwm tsis zoo. Feem ntau hais lus, rau inorganic scaling pollutants, nws raug nquahu kom siv cov tshuaj ntxuav acidic, microbial lossis organic pollutants, thiab cov tshuaj ntxuav alkaline raug pom zoo.

Vim li cas tus nqi pH ntawm RO tsim cov dej qis dua tus nqi pH ntawm cov dej muaj zog?

Thaum qhov sib npaug ntawm CO2, HCO3-, thiab CO3 = tau nkag siab, cov lus teb zoo tshaj plaws rau cov lus nug no tuaj yeem pom. Hauv lub kaw lus kaw, cov ntsiab lus txheeb ze ntawm CO2, HCO3-, thiab CO3 = txawv nrog pH tus nqi. Nyob rau hauv qis pH tej yam kev mob, CO2 tso nyiaj rau feem ntau, nrog HCO3- predominating nyob rau hauv nruab nrab pH ntau thiab CO3 = predominating nyob rau hauv siab pH ntau. Vim muaj peev xwm ntawm RO daim nyias nyias kom tshem tawm cov ions soluble tab sis tsis soluble gases, cov ntsiab lus CO2 hauv RO cov dej ntau lawm yeej zoo ib yam li hauv RO muaj zog. Txawm li cas los xij, HCO3- thiab CO3 = feem ntau tuaj yeem raug txo los ntawm 1-2 qhov kev txiav txim ntawm qhov loj, uas tuaj yeem ua txhaum qhov sib npaug ntawm CO2, HCO3-, thiab CO3 = hauv muaj zog. Nyob rau hauv ib tug series ntawm cov tshuaj tiv thaiv, CO2 yuav ua ke nrog H2O mus rau cov nram qab no cov tshuaj tiv thaiv equilibrium hloov mus txog rau thaum ib tug tshiab equilibrium tsim.

Yog hais tias tus influent muaj CO2, tus nqi pH ntawm RO tsim cov dej yuav ib txwm txo. Rau feem ntau RO systems, pH tus nqi ntawm cov dej rov qab osmosis yuav txo los ntawm 1-2 zaug. Thaum lub influent alkalinity thiab HCO3- siab, pH tus nqi ntawm cov dej tsim yuav txo qis dua.

Ib qho me me ntawm cov dej nkag, muaj tsawg dua CO2, HCO3- lossis CO3 =, ua rau muaj qhov sib txawv ntawm pH tus nqi ntawm cov dej tsim. Hauv qee lub tebchaws thiab cheeb tsam, muaj cov kev cai rau pH tus nqi ntawm cov dej haus, feem ntau yog li ntawm 6.5 txog 9.0. Raws li peb txoj kev nkag siab, qhov no yog los tiv thaiv corrosion ntawm cov kav dej kav dej. Haus dej pH qis nws tus kheej yuav tsis ua rau muaj teeb meem kev noj qab haus huv. Raws li paub zoo, ntau cov khoom lag luam muaj carbonated haus muaj pH tus nqi ntawm 2 thiab 4.