Theknoloji ea membrane ea metsi

Theknoloji ea membrane ea kalafo ea metsi (ultrafiltration, nanofiltration, reverse osmosis) e fana ka tlhahlobo e tebileng ea melemo le likotsi tsa eona.

Mesebetsi eohle ea batho e amana ka tsela e rarahaneng le metsi. Ha palo ea baahi ba lefatše e ntse e eketseha, ho joalo le ka metsi a litšila a hlahisoang likarolong tsohle tsa malapeng, tsa indasteri le tsa temo. Ka bomalimabe, mehloli ea metsi a hloekileng e na le moeli 'me ha e ntlafatsoe ka mokhoa o lekaneng ho finyella litlhoko tse ntseng li eketseha. Phapang ena e bakile kabo e sa lekanang le tlholisano e matla ea mehloli e fokolang ea metsi a hloekileng lefatšeng ka bophara. Batho ba limilione ha ba na metsi a nooang a sireletsehileng, 'me tlhahiso ea temo e ea fokola ka lebaka la khaello ea metsi.

(RO, Reverse Osmosis system)

Reverse Osmosis (RO):

Melemo:

u RO e tlosa hoo e batlang e le lintho tsohle tse qhibilihisitsoeng, ho kenyelletsa le likokoana-hloko.

u E sebetsa hantle ho tloseng liminerale tse kotsi joalo ka letsoai le loto.

li-membrane tsa u RO li ka sebelisoa bakeng sa desalination.

Mefokolo:

u RO e boetse e tlosa liminerale tse phetseng hantle joalo ka calcium le magnesium.

u E sebetsa ka likhatello tse phahameng, tse lebisang ho eketseha ha tšebeliso ea matla.

Li-membrane tsa u RO li kotsing ea ho silafatsoa mme li hloka tlhokomelo.

(Sistimi ea Ultra Filtration)

Ultrafiltration (UF):

Melemo:

UF e sebetsa hantle ho tloseng lintho tse tiileng, libaktheria le limolek'hule tse kholoanyane.

u E sebetsa ka likhatello tse tlase ha li bapisoa le RO, e bakang ho boloka matla.

Li-membrane tsa UF lia tšoarella 'me li phela nako e telele.

Mefokolo:

UF ha e tlose metsoako kapa li-ion tse qhibilihisitsoeng.

u E ka hloka kalafo ea pele ho thibela ho silafatsoa.

u Boholo ba pore ea li-membrane tsa UF bo ka fapana, bo ama khetho ea bona.

(Sistimi ea Nanofiltration)

Nanofiltration (NF):

Melemo:

u NF ka katleho e felisa litšila, sediments, le litšila tsa lik'hemik'hale.

E ka tlosa li-ion tsa divalent ka boikhethelo ha e ntse e lumella li-ion tsa monovalent hore li fete.

Li-membrane tsa NF li na le sekhahla se phahameng sa phallo ha se bapisoa le RO.

Mefokolo:

u NF ha e tlose metsoako e qhibilihisitsoeng ka ho feletseng.

u E ntse e ka hloka kalafo ea pele.

u Liqholotso tse ling li sitisa ho ananeloa ha theknoloji ea NF.

Ka bokhuts'oane, leha RO e ipabola ho tloseng le ho tlosa litšila ka botlalo, UF e fana ka ts'ebeliso e ntle ea litšenyehelo, ho feto-fetoha ha maemo, le ho boloka liminerale tse molemo. Khetho pakeng tsa tse peli e itšetlehile ka litlhoko tse khethehileng tsa ho hloekisa metsi le lintho tse tlang pele.

Hobaneng re lokela ho buella nts'etsopele ea theknoloji ea reverse osmosis:

Khaello ea Metsi: Hoo e ka bang batho ba limilione tse likete tse ’nè, hoo e ka bang karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea baahi ba lefatše, ba tobane le khaello e matla ea metsi bonyane khoeli e le ’ngoe selemo le selemo. Theknoloji ea RO e ka thusa ho rarolla bothata bona, haholo-holo libakeng tse omeletseng le lihlekehlekeng.

Ho tlosoa letsoai ha metsi a Leoatle: Reverse osmosis e bapala karolo ea bohlokoa ho ntšeng letsoai metsing a leoatle. Ka RO, re ka fetola metsi a leoatle hore e be metsi a nooang a hloekileng, a khotsofatsang litlhoko tsa batho tsa letsatsi le letsatsi. Ho feta lithane tse limilione tse likete tse 110 tsa metsi a leoatle li se li fetotsoe ho ba metsi a hloekileng ho sebelisoa reverse osmosis, ho thusa batho ba ka bang limilione tse 320.

Ho baballa tikoloho: Ha ho bapisoa le mekhoa ea khale ea phekolo ea lik'hemik'hale, reverse osmosis e hloka metsoako e fokolang ea lik'hemik'hale 'me ha e hlahise litšila tse kotsi kapa alkalis. Sena se kenya letsoho ho fokotseng tšilafalo ea tikoloho.

Tšebeliso e tlase ea Matla: Ts'ebetso ea reverse osmosis e itšetlehile feela ka khatello e le matla a ho khanna, e bakang tšebeliso e tlaase ea matla ha e bapisoa le mekhoa e meng e mengata ea phekolo. Sena se bohlokoa bakeng sa nts'etsopele ea moshoelella.

Tšebelisano ea Lefatše: Metsi ke bokamoso ba rona boo re bo arolelanang, 'me tšebelisano-'moho ea machaba e bohlokoa ho arolelana le ho laola mohloli ona oa bohlokoa ka mokhoa o tsitsitseng.

Batho ba limilione tse likete tse ’nè, bao e ka bang karolo ea bobeli ho tse tharo ea baahi ba lefatše, ba ba le khaello e khōlō ea metsi bonyane khoeli e le ’ngoe selemo le selemo. Ho phaella moo, batho ba fetang limilione tse likete tse peli ba lula linaheng tseo ho tsona metsi a haellang.

Hoa tšosa ho hlokomela hore halofo ea baahi ba lefats'e e ka 'na ea phela libakeng tse tobaneng le khaello ea metsi ho tloha ka 2025. Kotsi ena e atamelang ea bothata ba metsi lefatšeng ka bophara e hloka tlhokomelo e potlakileng le tšebelisano ea machaba.

Joaloka moetsi ea hloahloa oa li-membrane elements Chaena, HID e ikemiselitse ho iketsetsa le ho hlahisa li-membrane tse tsoetseng pele tse sebetsang hantle tsa polyamide reverse osmosis. Hase feela hore ba ikemetse ho hlahisa sete e feletseng ea ho itšeha, ho roala, ho hlahloba, lisebelisoa tsa ho paka le melapo ea kopano ka ho feletseng, ba ile ba boela ba fihla boemong bo phahameng ka thepa e tala, thepa ea tlhahiso, theknoloji ea tlhahiso le boleng ba sehlahisoa sa ho qetela.

Letoto la HID-ROFS ke e 'ngoe ea lipampiri tse sebetsang hantle haholo tseo ba li entseng ba sebelisa theknoloji e phahameng. Lera lena le nang le motsoako oa polyamide le na le bokhoni bo botle ba karohano ea lera 'me le khona ho thibela matsoai 'ohle a qhibilihisitsoeng le lintho tse phelang tse nang le boima ba molek'hule ho feta 100, ha li ntse li lumella limolek'hule tsa metsi hore li fete. Haholo-holo e loketse bakeng sa kalafo ea desalination ea mehloli ea metsi e nang le letsoai le ka tlase ho 2000ppm

Ho ts'ehetsa nts'etsopele ea li-membrane tsa HID reverse osmosis ho tla thusa ho khothaletsa tšebeliso e tsitsitseng ea metsi le ho fihlela tlhoko e ntseng e hola ea metsi a hloekileng lefatšeng ka bophara.