Tataiso ea Membrane ea Khoebo ea RO: Melao-motheo, Khetho le Mefuta
1. Lera la RO ke eng?
Osmosis e Khutšoanyane (RO)ke ts'ebetso e fetolang osmosis ea tlhaho. Ka tlhaho, limolek'hule tsa metsi li tsamaea ka bohona ho tloha lehlakoreng le nang le mahloriso a tlase ho ea lehlakoreng le nang le mahloriso a mangata ka lera le ka kenang hanyane. Ka osmosis e ka morao, khatello ea kantle e sebelisoa ho qobella limolek'hule tsa metsi ho phalla ka lehlakoreng le fapaneng - ho tloha lehlakoreng le nang le mahloriso a mangata ho ea lehlakoreng le nang le mahloriso a tlase. Matsoai a qhibilihisitsoeng, libaktheria, livaerase le lintho tse phelang lia haneloa ke lera 'me lia ntšoa e le mahloriso.
Boholo ba masoba a lera la RO bo bonyenyane haholo - hoo e ka bangNanometer ea 0.1(karolo e le 'ngoe ho tse milione ea moriri oa motho) — e khona ho tlosaho feta 99%ea lintho tse tiileng tse qhibilihisitsoeng le boholo ba litšila. Ke e 'ngoe ea mahlale a rarahaneng ka ho fetisisa a ho sefa metsi a fumanehang.
2. Mokhoa oa ho Khetha Lera la RO la Khoebo?
Molao-motheo oa mantlha: "Kopo e lekana le litlhaloso" — lera le letle ka ho fetisisa ha se hakaalo hore ke le turang haholo kapa le sebetsang hantle ka ho fetisisa, empa ke le lumellanang hantle le maemo a hau a ts'ebetso.
2.1 Ho latela Boleng ba Metsi a Fepang
| Mohloli oa Metsi | Letoto le Khothaletsoang | Lintlha |
| Metsi a pompo / TDS | Lera la khatello e tlase haholo | Matla a tlase, phallo e phahameng ea metsi |
| Metsi a letsoai / TDS 1000-10000 ppm | Letoto la metsi a letsoai (BW) | Ho lahloa ha letsoai ho ≥99.5% |
| Metsi a leoatle / TDS > 15000 ppm | Letoto la metsi a leoatle (SW) | Khatello e phahameng, ho lahloa ha ≥99.6% |
| Metsi a litšila a silafatsang haholo | Letoto la ho thibela ho silafatsa (FR) | Sebaka se seholo sa ho fepa, se ka hloekisoa |
2.2 Ho latela Kopo
- Metsi a elektroniki/a meriana a hloekileng haholo: Ho lahloa ho hoholo (≥99.5%) + ho tlosoa ha boron e ngata
- Lijo le lino tse tahang: Mofuta o bolokang matla ka khatello e tlase + setifikeiti sa bohloeki
- Tšebeliso e ncha ea metsi a litšila a lik'hemik'hale/masela: Mofuta o thibelang ho silafatsa + kanale e pharaletseng (34 mil)
- Metsi a nooang a khoebo / likolo / lifeme: Mehlala e tloaelehileng ea khoebo (mohlala, 3012, 4040)
2.3 Liparamente tsa Ts'ebetso ea Bohlokoa tseo U Lokelang ho li Lekola
- Sekhahla sa ho hana: ≥99% bakeng sa tšebeliso ea indasteri, ≥99.6% bakeng sa metsi a leoatle
- Phallo ea metsi: 0.8-1.2 m³/h ka karolo ea lisenthimithara tse 8
- Khatello ea ts'ebetso: 69-1.0 MPa bakeng sa lera la khatello e tlase, 5.5-8.4 MPa bakeng sa lera la metsi a leoatle
3. E ka Nkela Sebaka Neng?
Kenya likarolo tsa lera sebakeng sa tsona ha matšoao a latelang a hlaha:
- Ho fokotseha ha phallo: Phallo e kenang e lokisitsoeng ke mocheso e theohela ka tlase ho 70-80% ea boleng ba pele
- Tahlehelo ea ho lahloa: Ho phalla ha motlakase ho nyoloha haholo; ho hana ho theoha ka tlase ho 95%
- Keketseho ea ho theoha ha khatello: Khatello e fapaneng e nyoloha ka holimo ho 15% ho feta boleng ba pele
- Ho hloekisa khafetsa: Nako ea ho hloekisa lik'hemik'hale e khutsufala ho fihlela ka tlase ho khoeli e le 'ngoe
Nako e tloaelehileng ea bophelo: Li-membrane tsa RO tsa khoebo hangata lia tšoarellaLilemo tse 2-5, ho itshetlehile ka boleng ba metsi a fepa le mekgwa ya tlhokomelo.
4. Mefuta e Tloaelehileng ea Membrane ea Khoebo ea RO
Ka tlase ke mehlala e meholo ea lera la khoebo la RO e fumanehang haholo 'marakeng. Sebelisa tsena e le litšupiso nakong ea khetho.
4.1 Mele ea Khoebo ea 4-Inch (Bakeng sa ho kenella ka hare ho
| Letšoao / Letoto | Mohlala | Phallo (GPD) | Ho lahloa |
| Tekanyetso e akaretsang | 4040 | 2000-2800 | 99.0% |
| Hydana | BW-4040-LP | 2400 | 99.5% |
| PATILE | TFC-3012-200 | 200 | 97% |
Mele ea indasteri ea lisenthimithara tse 4.2 (Bakeng sa ho kenella ka hare ho >3 m³/h)
| Letoto | Mohlala oa Mohlala | Phallo (GPD) | Ho lahloa | Kopo |
| Metsi a letsoai | BW30-400 | 10500 | 99.5% | Metsi a ka tlas'a lefatše / masepala |
| Khatello e tlase haholo | XLP-4040 | 4700 | 99.6% | Tlhokahalo e tlase ea matla |
| Thibelo ea ho silafatsa | FR-400 | 10500 | 99.7% | Tšebeliso ea metsi a litšila hape |
| Metsi a leoatle | SW30HRLE-440 | 7500 | 99.8% | Ho tlosa letsoai metsing a leoatle |
| Khatello e phahameng ka kakaretso | 8040 | 10000-12000 | 99.0% | Mekhoa e meholo ea khoebo |
5. Likopo ka ho Hlakola
| Indasteri | Mefuta e Khothaletsoang | Litlhoko tsa Bohlokoa |
| Likolo / metsi a nooang a fektheri | 4040, 3012 | Polokeho ea bohloeki, tlhokomelo e bonolo |
| Ho hloekisa metsi hoteleng/reschorenteng | 4040, 8040 | Phallo e tsitsitseng e kenellang |
| Metsi a elektroniki a hloekileng haholo | BW30-400 | Ho lahloa ho hoholo (≥99.5%) |
| Metsi a hloekisitsoeng sepetlele | BW-4040AF | Hanela ho hloekisoa ha dibolaya-mafu |
| Tšebeliso e ncha ea metsi a litšila ka motlakase / lik'hemik'hale | BW-4040AF | Kanale e pharaletseng, e bonolo ho e hloekisa |
| Ho tlosa letsoai metsing a leoatle | Letoto la SW | Khatello e phahameng, ho hana ho phahameng |
Kakaretso
Ho kgetha lera la RO la kgwebo ke tshebetso e hlophisehileng e hlokang ho leka-lekanya dikarolo tse nne: tlhahlobo ya boleng ba metsi, maemo a tshebetso, ditlhoko tsa boleng bo kenellang, le tekanyetso ya ditjeo. Ho kgothaletswa ho tlatsa tlhahlobo e felletseng ya metsi a fepa pele o kgetha, ebe o bapisa dikarolo tsa lera o sebedisa ditataiso tsa mohlala tse ka hodimo. Ho feta moo, ho kgetha mofani ya nang le bokgoni ba botekgeniki - ya fanang ka tshehetso ya tshebeletso e felletseng ho kenyeletswa le teko ya metsi, moralo wa sistimi, le tataiso ya tshebetso - ke habohlokoa bakeng sa tshebetso ya sistimi ya nako e telele, e tsitsitseng.
