Alakaʻi Membrane RO Pāʻoihana: Nā Kumumanaʻo, Koho & Nā Hoʻohālike
1. He aha ka RO Membrane?
ʻO ka Osmosis Hoʻohuli (RO)he hana ia e hoʻohuli i ka osmosis kūlohelohe. Ma ke ʻano maoli, neʻe koke nā molekala wai mai kahi ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa i kahi ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe ma o kahi membrane semipermeable. I ka osmosis hoʻohuli, hoʻopili ʻia ke kaomi waho e koi i nā molekala wai e kahe i ke ala ʻē aʻe - mai ka ʻaoʻao kiʻekiʻe a i ka ʻaoʻao haʻahaʻa. Hoʻolei ʻia nā paʻakai i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia, nā bacteria, nā virus, a me nā mea olaola e ka membrane a hoʻokuʻu ʻia ma ke ʻano he concentrate.
He liʻiliʻi loa ka nui o nā pore o kahi membrane RO - ma kahi o0.1 nanometer(hoʻokahi miliona o ka lauoho kanaka) - hiki ke wehema luna o 99%o nā mea paʻa i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia a me ka hapa nui o nā mea haumia. ʻO ia kekahi o nā ʻenehana kānana wai akamai loa i loaʻa.
2. Pehea e koho ai i kahi membrane RO kalepa?
Kumumanaʻo koʻikoʻi: "Hoʻohālikelike ʻia ke noi ma luna o nā kikoʻī"— ʻaʻole pono ka membrane maikaʻi loa ka mea pipiʻi loa a hana kiʻekiʻe loa paha, akā ʻo ka mea e kūpono loa i kāu mau kūlana hana.
2.1 Ma muli o ke ʻano o ka wai hānai
| Puna Wai | Moʻo i Manaʻo ʻia | Nā memo |
| Wai piula wai / TDS | ʻO ka membrane kaomi haʻahaʻa loa | Ikehu haʻahaʻa, kahe permeate kiʻekiʻe |
| Wai ʻawaʻawa / TDS 1000-10000 ppm | Moʻo wai ʻawaʻawa (BW) | ≥99.5% hōʻole paʻakai |
| Wai kai / TDS > 15000 ppm | Moʻo wai kai (SW) | Kaomi kiʻekiʻe, ≥99.6% hōʻole ʻia |
| Wai hoʻohaumia kiʻekiʻe | Moʻo Anti-fouling (FR) | Mea hoʻokaʻawale hānai ākea, hiki ke hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia |
2.2 Ma muli o ka noi
- Wai maʻemaʻe loa no nā mea uila/lāʻau lapaʻau: Hōʻole kiʻekiʻe (≥99.5%) + wehe boron kiʻekiʻe
- Meaʻai a me ka mea inuʻAno mālama ikehu haʻahaʻa haʻahaʻa + palapala hōʻoia hoʻomaʻemaʻe
- Ka hoʻohana hou ʻana i ka wai hoʻoheheʻe kemika/loleʻAno Anti-fouling + kahawai ākea (34 mil)
- Wai inu ʻoihana / kula / hale hanaNā kumu hoʻohālike kālepa maʻamau (e laʻa, 3012, 4040)
2.3 Nā Palena Hana Koʻikoʻi e Nānā ai
- Ka helu hōʻole: ≥99% no ka hoʻohana ʻana i ka ʻoihana, ≥99.6% no ka wai kai
- Kahe e komo ana: 0.8-1.2 m³/h no kēlā me kēia ʻāpana 8-ʻīniha
- Kaomi hana: 69-1.0 MPa no nā membrane haʻahaʻa, 5.5-8.4 MPa no nā membrane kai
3. Āhea e pani ai?
E hoʻololi i nā mea o ka membrane ke ʻike ʻia nā hōʻailona aʻe:
- Ka emi ʻana o ka loliʻO ke kahe permeate i hoʻoponopono ʻia e ka mahana e hāʻule ana ma lalo o 70-80% o ka waiwai mua
- Pohō hōʻolePiʻi nui ka conductivity permeate; hāʻule ka rejection ma lalo o 95%
- Hoʻonui ʻia ka emi ʻana o ke kaomiPiʻi ke kaomi ʻokoʻa ma mua o 15% ma luna o ka waiwai mua
- Hoʻomaʻemaʻe pinepine ʻole: Hoʻopōkole ʻia ka manawa hoʻomaʻemaʻe kemika i lalo o 1 mahina
ʻO ke ola maʻamau: ʻO ka lōʻihi o nā membrane RO kalepa2-5 mau makahiki, ma muli o ka maikaʻi o ka wai hānai a me nā hana mālama.
4. Nā Kumu Hoʻohālike Membrane RO Kalepa Maʻamau
Aia ma lalo iho nā hiʻohiʻona membrane RO kalepa nui i loaʻa ma ka mākeke. E hoʻohana i kēia mau mea ma ke ʻano he mau kuhikuhi i ke koho ʻana.
4.1 4-'īniha Nā Membrane Kalepa (No ka permeate
| Lama / Moʻo | Hoʻohālike | Kahe (GPD) | Hōʻole ʻia |
| Kūlana maʻamau | 4040 | 2000-2800 | 99.0% |
| ʻO Hydana | BW-4040-LP | 2400 | 99.5% |
| HUNA | TFC-3012-200 | 200 | 97% |
4.2 Nā Membrane ʻOihana 8-'Īniha (No ka permeate >3 m³/h)
| Moʻo | Laʻana Hoʻohālike | Kahe (GPD) | Hōʻole ʻia | Noi |
| Wai ʻawaʻawa | BW30-400 | 10500 | 99.5% | Wai lepo / kūlanakauhale |
| Kaomi haʻahaʻa loa | XLP-4040 | 4700 | 99.6% | Koi ikehu haʻahaʻa |
| Anti-fouling | FR-400 | 10500 | 99.7% | Ka hoʻohana hou ʻana i ka wai ʻino |
| Wai kai | SW30HRLE-440 | 7500 | 99.8% | Ka wehe ʻana i ka paʻakai o ka wai kai |
| Kaomi kiʻekiʻe maʻamau | 8040 | 10000-12000 | 99.0% | Nā ʻōnaehana kālepa nui |
5. Nā noi ma kahi nānā iki
| ʻOihana | Nā Kumu Hoʻohālike i Manaʻo ʻia | Nā Koina Koʻikoʻi |
| Nā kula / wai inu hale hana | 4040, 3012 | Palekana hoʻomaʻemaʻe, mālama maʻalahi |
| Hoʻomaʻemaʻe wai hōkele / hale ʻaina | 4040, 8040 | Kahe permeate paʻa |
| Wai maʻemaʻe loa o nā mea uila | BW30-400 | Hōʻole kiʻekiʻe (≥99.5%) |
| Wai i hoʻomaʻemaʻe ʻia no ka haukapila | BW-4040AF | Kūpaʻa i ka hoʻomaʻemaʻe disinfectant |
| Hoʻohana hou ʻana i ka wai hoʻoheheʻe uila / kemika | BW-4040AF | Kahawai ākea, maʻalahi e hoʻomaʻemaʻe |
| Ka wehe ʻana i ka paʻakai o ka wai kai | Moʻo SW | Kaomi kiʻekiʻe, hōʻole kiʻekiʻe |
Hōʻuluʻulu manaʻo
ʻO ke koho ʻana i kahi membrane RO kalepa he hana ʻōnaehana e pono ai ke kaulike ʻana i ʻehā mau ana: ka nānā ʻana i ka maikaʻi o ka wai, nā kūlana hana, nā koi maikaʻi permeate, a me ka waihona kālā. Manaʻo ʻia e hoʻopau i kahi loiloi wai hānai piha ma mua o ke koho ʻana, a laila e hoʻohālikelike i nā mea membrane me ka hoʻohana ʻana i nā alakaʻi kumu hoʻohālike ma luna. Eia kekahi, ʻo ke koho ʻana i kahi mea hoʻolako loea - kahi e hāʻawi ana i ke kākoʻo lawelawe piha me ka hoʻāʻo wai, ka hoʻolālā ʻōnaehana, a me ke alakaʻi hana - he mea koʻikoʻi no ka hana lōʻihi a paʻa o ka ʻōnaehana.
