Iyini ngempela i-RO membrane? Thola umbono ophelele ngemizuzu emi-3!

• Iyini i-membrane ye-RO? 

I-RO isifinyezo se-Reverse Osmosis. I-RO membrane iyi-membrane yokwenziwa engeneka kancane enezakhiwo ezithile, eyenziwe ngokulingisa i-biological membranes engeneka kancane.

Kufana nesihlungo esihle kakhulu, kodwa ubukhulu bembobo yaso buyi-Ama-micrometer angu-0.0001(okulingana nobukhulu bezinwele zomuntu obuyisigidi), okungase kuhlunge ngempumelelo ukungcola okuhlukahlukene, amabhaktheriya, amagciwane, kanye nezinsimbi ezisindayo emanzini.

• Isimiso sokusebenza se-RO membrane

Ama-membrane e-RO asebenza ngesimiso sobuchwepheshe be-reverse osmosis, okuphambene nenqubo yemvelo ye-osmosis.

Ngaphansi kwezimo zemvelo, i-osmosis ibhekisela enqubweni yesisombululo sokugcwala okuphansi esigeleza nge-membrane engenela kancane iye kwisisombululo sokugcwala okuphezulu. Ngakolunye uhlangothi, i-reverse osmosis isebenzisa ingcindezi yangaphandle (ngokuvamile edinga iphampu yamanzi) ukuphoqa ama-molecule amanzi kwisisombululo sokugcwala okuphezulu ukuba ageleze nge-membrane engenela kancane iye ohlangothini lokugcwala okuphansi, ngaleyo ndlela kuhlanzwe amanzi.

Le nqubo idinga inani elithile lokucindezela, yingakho izihlanzi zamanzi ze-RO zidinga ukuxhunywa—ugesi usetshenziswa kakhulu ukushayela iphampu yamanzi ukuze kukhiqizwe ingcindezi edingekayo.

• Yini engenziwa yisihlungi se-RO membrane?

Ama-membrane e-RO anokunemba okuphezulu kakhulu kokuhlunga futhi angasusa ngempumelelo:

Ama-ion ensimbi esindayo, njenge-lead, i-mercury, i-cadmium, ne-chromium, ayisongo esikhulu empilweni yabantu.

Amabhaktheriya namagciwane:izinga lokususwa lifinyelela ku-99.99%, okuqinisekisa ukuphepha kwamanzi okuphuza.

Isikali kanye nokungcola:Isusa ngempumelelo ama-ion e-calcium ne-magnesium, ixazulula inkinga yesikali.

Izinto ezingcolisayo eziphilayo:Ukususwa kwezinsalela zezibulala-zinambuzane, ukungcola kwamakhemikhali, njll.

Usawoti oncibilikayo:Susa i-sodium eningi, i-potassium, kanye nosawoti ongeziwe emanzini.

Amanzi ahlungiwe nge-RO membrane cishe angamanzi amsulwa anokunambitheka okubushelelezi, okwenza kube kuhle kakhulu ukuphuza ngqo.

• Umlando Wokuthuthukiswa Kwama-RO Membrane

Ubuchwepheshe be-RO ekuqaleni abuzange buthuthukiswe ukuze busetshenziswe ngabantu abavamile, kodwa kunalokho benzelwe insimu yezindiza. Ngawo-1960, i-NASA yathuthukisa ubuchwepheshe be-RO ukuze ixazulule inkinga yamanzi okuphuza kwabahamba ngezinkanyezi emkhathini.

Kamuva, lobu buchwepheshe bashintsha kancane kancane baba ukusetshenziswa kwabantu abavamile, futhi basetshenziswa kabanzi emikhakheni efana nokususa usawoti emanzini olwandle kanye nokuhlanzwa kwamanzi ezokwelapha. Kwaze kwaba yiminyaka engama-20 edlule, ngokuvuthwa kobuchwepheshe kanye nokwehla kwezindleko, lapho ubuchwepheshe be-RO baqala ukungena emizini evamile.