Mfundo zazikuluzikulu pamapangidwe a reverse osmosis control system

Monga imodzi mwamakina apamwamba pazamankhwala amadzi am'mafakitale, ukadaulo wa reverse osmosis (RO) wagwiritsidwa ntchito kwambiri pokonzekera madzi oyera kwambiri, kugwiritsanso ntchito madzi oyipa komanso kutulutsa madzi am'nyanja m'mafakitale amagetsi, mankhwala, mankhwala, ndi zamagetsi. Kapangidwe kake kachitidwe kameneka kakukhudzana mwachindunji ndi magwiridwe antchito a kachitidwe, mulingo wogwiritsa ntchito mphamvu komanso moyo wa zida.

 

Cooperative Control of Preprocessing Systems

Reverse osmosis nembanemba imakhudzidwa ndi mtundu wamadzi omwe akhudzidwa ndipo imayenera kukonzedwa kale pamagawo angapo (monga kusefera mchenga, activated carbon adsorption, ndi ultrafiltration) kuti achotse zowononga monga zolimba zoyimitsidwa, ma colloids, ndi zinthu zachilengedwe. Dongosolo lowongolera liyenera kukwaniritsa:

1. Multi-level process kulumikizana

Sinthani mwamphamvu mlingo wa coagulant, ma frequency a backwash ndi kusefera moyenera malinga ndi mtundu wamadzi osaphika;

2. SDI (polution index) kuyang'anira pa intaneti:

Ndemanga zenizeni zenizeni za zotsatira za pretreatment kudzera pa turbidity metres ndi tinthu tating'ono kuti tipewe kutsekeka kwa nembanemba;

3. Kukhathamiritsa kwa pH Kusintha

Kusintha kuchuluka kwa asidi anawonjezera malinga ndi alkalinity wa gwero la madzi kuwongolera chiopsezo makulitsidwe ndi kuchepetsa reagent kumwa.

 

Kufananiza kwamphamvu kwa pampu yothamanga kwambiri komanso kuwongolera kuthamanga

Mphamvu yayikulu yoyendetsera dongosolo la RO imachokera ku pampu yothamanga kwambiri. Dongosolo lowongolera liyenera kuthetsa:

1. Kuwongolera pafupipafupi kutembenuka mtima

Liwiro la mpope limasinthidwa ndi kusintha kwafupipafupi kuti lifanane ndi kufunikira kwa madzi ndi kuchepetsa zotsatira za kuyimitsa;

2. Kupanikizika pakati pa magawo

M'magawo ambiri a RO, kupanikizika kwa sensor + magetsi oyendetsa magetsi kumagwiritsidwa ntchito kuti athetse kusiyana kwapakati pakati pa magawo (nthawi zambiri amayendetsedwa pa 0.2-0.3 MPa);

3. Kukhathamiritsa kwa pH Kusintha

M'malo ochotsa mchere m'madzi am'nyanja, turbocharger kapena pressure exchanger (PX) itha kugwiritsidwa ntchito kubwezeretsanso mphamvu yamadzi yokhazikika, kuchepetsa kugwiritsa ntchito mphamvu ndi 30%.

 

Zofunikira pakupanga zida ndi kuwongolera pulogalamu panthawi ya RO system

1. Kusintha kwa mlingo

Mlingo umasinthidwa ndi njira yosinthira, yomwe imangosintha pampu ya metering kuti ipange dosing molingana ndi chizindikiro chochokera ku mita yoyenda madzi.

2. Mlingo wamadzimadzi

Bokosi la metering lili ndi choyezera chamadzimadzi pamalopo komanso chizindikiro chotsika chamadzimadzi kuti muwonetsetse kuti njira ya dosing idzasokonezedwa chifukwa chosowa mankhwala mu thanki yamadzimadzi.

3. Dashboard yopezera madzi

Pali gulu la zida zoperekera madzi pamalopo, lomwe lili ndi chizindikiro chakuyenda komanso mita yochulukira, mita ya conductivity, chizindikiro cha pH. Kuonjezera apo, zizindikiro za parameter zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi mita ya kuthamanga kwa madzi, mita yothamanga, mita ya conductivity ndi pH mita imatumizidwa ku chipinda choyang'anira chapakati kuti chilembedwe mosalekeza; panthawi imodzimodziyo, chizindikiro chotumizidwa ndi mita yothamanga chimayang'anira pampu ya metering ku dosing molingana; zizindikiro za alamu zapamwamba ndi zotsika zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi mita ya pH zimatumizidwa ku chipinda chapakati choyang'anira alamu.

4. Zosefera Zachitetezo

Kulowetsa ndi kutulutsa kwa fyuluta yachitetezo kumakhala ndi zizindikiro zokakamiza. Kusiyana kwa mphamvu yolowera ndi kutulutsa kwa fyuluta yachitetezo ikafika pamtengo wokhazikitsidwa kapena kuthamanga kwakanthawi kwakanthawi, choseferacho chiyenera kusinthidwa.

5. High pressure pump switch

Mbali zolowera ndi zotuluka za pampu yothamanga kwambiri zimakhala ndi ma switch otsika komanso othamanga kwambiri motsatana. Pamene kulowetsedwa kwa pampu yothamanga kwambiri kumakhala kotsika kusiyana ndi mtengo wamtengo wapatali, kutsika kwapansi kumatsekedwa ndikutumiza chizindikiro ku PLC, yomwe imawopsya ndikuyimitsa ntchito ya pampu yothamanga kwambiri; pamene kutulutsa kwapampu kwapampu yothamanga kwambiri ndipamwamba kuposa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, kusintha kwapamwamba kumatsekedwa ndikutumiza chizindikiro ku PLC. Pambuyo pa kuchedwa kwina, ngati kupanikizika kumbali yothamanga kwambiri ya pampu yothamanga kwambiri ikadali yoposa mtengo wamtengo wapatali, PLC imatulutsa alamu ndipo imasiya kugwira ntchito kwa mpope wothamanga kwambiri. Ngati chosinthira chothamanga kwambiri chibwerera kugawo losiyidwa mkati mwanthawi yochedwa, PLC imangoletsa chizindikirocho.

6. High pressure pump yamagetsi yapang'onopang'ono khomo lotseguka

Kutuluka kwa mpope wothamanga kwambiri kumakhala ndi khomo lamagetsi lotsegula pang'onopang'ono. Pampu yothamanga kwambiri ikayamba, chitseko chotsegula pang'onopang'ono chimatseguka pang'onopang'ono kuonetsetsa kuti chinthu cha membrane cha RO sichikuwonongeka ndi nyundo yamadzi. Ngati chitseko chotsegula pang'onopang'ono chikulephera ndikulephera kutseguka mkati mwa nthawi yotchulidwa, kutulutsa mphamvu kwa pampu yothamanga kwambiri kumawonjezeka, kusinthana kwachitsulo kumatulutsa chizindikiro cha alamu ndipo kumangoyimitsa ntchito ya mpope wothamanga kwambiri kudzera mu PLC. Chida chilichonse cha RO chimakhala ndi zida zapamalo, zomwe zimayikidwa mita yothamanga ya RO siteji 1, siteji 2 madzi azinthu, ndi ngalande (mawonekedwe otaya ndi kuchuluka kwa mtengo wotuluka), ndi mita yopangira madzi.

7. Zofunikira pakuwongolera pulogalamu

Zizindikiro za parameter zomwe zimatumizidwa ndi mita yothamanga ndi mita ya conductivity zimatumizidwa ku chipinda chapakati chowongolera kuti chijambulidwe mosalekeza, ndikukhala ndi alamu yamtengo wapatali. Gulu la m'deralo liri ndi makina oyambira othamanga kwambiri ndi mabatani oyimitsa ndi magetsi owonetsera, mabatani oyimitsa mwadzidzidzi ndi magetsi owonetsera, ndi magetsi otsegula pang'onopang'ono ndi kutseka mabatani ndi magetsi owonetsera.

8. RO kuyimba

Chida chilichonse cha RO chimakhala ndi gulu loyezera kuthamanga kwapamalo, pomwe pamakhala cholowera chamadzi choyamba cha RO, cholowera chachiwiri chamadzi ndi zizindikiro zotulutsa.

9. Central control panel

Gulu lowongolera lapakati lili ndi masiwichi opangira magawo atatu (imodzi yokha, imodzi, imodzi, buku limodzi) pampope yothamanga kwambiri, pampu yoyezera, ndi pampu yamadzi yothamangitsira, komanso mabatani oyambira ndi kuyimitsa dongosolo, omwe amatha kuzindikira zowongolera zoyambira zakutali ndi ntchito zapamanja za zida pamwambapa. Pamene kusintha kwa magawo atatu kutembenuzidwira kumalo "odziwikiratu", zipangizo zomwe zili pamwambazi sizingagwiritsidwe ntchito kwanuko.

 

Kuyamba kwa chipangizo cha RO ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito

1. Kuyambitsa ndi kugwiritsa ntchito pulogalamu ya chipangizo cha RO

Choyamba, ikani zosinthira zowongolera pampu yothamanga kwambiri ndi pampu yoyezera pamalo "automatic", kenako gwiritsani batani loyambira pulogalamu pa chipangizo chilichonse cha RO. Panthawiyi, programmable logic controller (PLC) idzazindikira yokha mlingo wamadzimadzi wa mabokosi onse a metering ndi kukakamiza kumbali yolowera pampopi yothamanga kwambiri malinga ndi pulogalamu yomwe yakhazikitsidwa. Ngati mulingo wamadzimadzi "otsika" kapena "kutsika" kolowera kumbali yakulowera kwa pampu yothamanga kwambiri kuzindikirika, PLC idzatulutsa alamu yomveka komanso yowoneka ndikusokoneza pulogalamuyo.

Pambuyo pochotsa alamu, dinani batani loyambitsanso pulogalamuyo, pulogalamuyo idzayambiranso, ndikuyambitsanso pampu ya dosing metering ndi pampu yothamanga kwambiri, ndikutsegula chitseko chotsegula pang'onopang'ono chamagetsi nthawi yomweyo. Ngati kupanikizika kwapamwamba kwa pampu yothamanga kwambiri kumakhalabe kupitirira malire okhazikika pambuyo pa kuchedwa koyambirira, PLC idzatumiza chizindikiro cha alamu ndikuyimitsa ntchito ya pampu yothamanga kwambiri ndi pampu ya metering, ndikutseka basi khomo lamagetsi lotsegula pang'onopang'ono;
Ngati chosinthira champhamvu chamagetsi chibwerera kumalo osiyidwa mkati mwanthawi yochedwa, PLC ingoyimitsa siginecha yamagetsi yamagetsi yamagetsi, ndipo makinawo adzalowa mugawo lanthawi zonse.

2. Kuyambitsa pamanja ndikugwiritsa ntchito chipinda chowongolera zida za RO

Pamene zosintha zowongolera papampu yothamanga kwambiri, pampu ya metering ndi pampu yamadzi yotsuka zimayikidwa pa "manual", zida zomwe zili pamwambapa zitha kuyendetsedwa muchipinda chowongolera.

3. Kuyambitsa ndikugwiritsa ntchito pamanja pa chipangizo cha RO

Pamene zosintha zowongolera pampu yothamanga kwambiri ndi pampu yoyezera zili pamalo "ozimitsa", zida zomwe zili pamwambazi zitha kuyambika ndikugwiritsidwa ntchito pamalowo.

Mulimonse momwe zingakhalire, kugwira ntchito kwa chipangizo cha RO kumatha kuyimitsidwa nthawi yomweyo ndikukanikiza batani loyimitsa mwadzidzidzi pagulu la zida zakomweko.

4. Chipangizo cha RO chinayima

Pamene chipangizo cha RO chimayima chokha kapena woyendetsayo amasiya mwa kukanikiza batani loyimitsa pulogalamu, pampu yothamanga kwambiri imasiya kuthamanga, pampu ya metering imasiya kuthamanga molumikizana, ndipo khomo lamagetsi lotsegula pang'onopang'ono pamtunda wothamanga kwambiri limatsekedwa.

 

Kuyamba kwa chipangizo cha RO ndi njira yogwiritsira ntchito

Kapangidwe ka chida ndi dongosolo lowongolera la PLC limatsimikiziridwa molingana ndi zofunikira za RO system pazida ndi kuwongolera.

1. Kusintha kwamadzimadzi

Amapereka chizindikiro chotsika.

2. Flow Meter

Chiwonetsero cha mayendedwe pompopompo ndi mawonekedwe othamanga omwe adasonkhanitsidwa.

3. Conductivity mita

Chiwonetsero cha digito, chokhala ndi alamu yamtengo wapatali kwambiri komanso 4 ~ 20mA yotulutsa chizindikiro chamakono.

4. pH mita

Chiwonetsero cha digito, chokhala ndi pH yokhazikika komanso yotsika yotulutsa ma alarm komanso 4-20mA yotulutsa siginecha yapano.