Dalilai da Maganin Kurajen Zaren Osmosis na Baya

1. Manyan Dalilan Rushewar Membrane RO

Dangane da gurɓatattun abubuwa, gurɓataccen membrane na RO galibi ana rarraba shi zuwa nau'i huɗu:

• Tsarin Inorganic (Tsarin Sinadarai): A lokacin tsarin tattarawar RO, gishirin da ke narkewa kaɗan kamar calcium, magnesium, carbonates, sulfates, da silicates a cikin ruwan ciyarwa sun wuce iyakokin narkewar su. Suna yin lu'ulu'u kuma suna fitowa a saman membrane, suna samar da wani Layer mai tauri.
• Rufewar Halitta da Colloidal (Rufewar Danko): Abubuwan halitta na halitta (misali, humic acid), mai, surfactants, ko kuma barbashi da aka cire ba tare da an cire su ba da kuma colloids da ke cikin ruwan ciyarwa suna mannewa a saman membrane. Wannan yana samar da wani Layer na ƙura mai ƙazanta wanda ba wai kawai yana toshe ramukan membrane ba, har ma yana shaye wasu ƙazanta.
• Lalacewar Halitta (Lalacewar Haihuwa): Idan ba a sami isasshen maganin kashe ƙwayoyin cuta a cikin ruwan da ake ciyarwa ba, ƙwayoyin cuta kamar ƙwayoyin cuta, fungi, da algae suna ƙaruwa da sauri a saman membrane. Suna samar da biofilm mai ƙarfi kuma suna fitar da metabolites waɗanda zasu iya lalata abubuwan membrane.
• Kurajen jiki (Kurajen jiki): Ƙwayoyin da aka dakatar kamar yashi da tsatsa a cikin ruwan ciyarwa yawanci suna shiga tsarin saboda rashin isasshen magani ko rashin nasarar yin magani kafin a fara amfani da su. Suna faɗuwa a saman membrane ko kuma a wuraren da aka haɗa wuraren ciyarwa.

2. Yadda Ake Tabbatar Ko Ana Bukatar Tsaftacewa

Ana buƙatar tsaftacewa gabaɗaya idan tsarin ya nuna waɗannan yanayi:

• Rage kwararar ruwa ta Permeat: Ruwan da aka daidaita a cikin ruwa ya faɗi da kashi 10% zuwa 15% idan aka kwatanta da farkon tushen.
• Ƙara Rage Matsi: Ragewar matsin lamba tsakanin matakai yana ƙaruwa sosai (misali, da fiye da kashi 15%, ko kuma raguwar matsin lamba na mataki na farko ya wuce 0.25 MPa).
• Rage ƙin Gishiri: Ingancin ruwan da ke cikin ruwa yana raguwa, tare da yadda gishirin da aka daidaita ke ƙaruwa da kashi 10% zuwa 15%.

3. Mafita da Tsaftace Lamuni

Babban maganin matsalar membrane shine Tsaftace-A-Wuri (CIP), wanda ya haɗa da tsaftace jiki da sinadarai.

Tsaftace Jiki

Ana amfani da shi galibi don cire gurɓatattun abubuwa daga saman membrane (misali, gurɓataccen barbashi mai sauƙi). Ya ƙunshi wankewa da ruwa mai tsafta mai ƙarancin matsi, mai yawan kwarara, ta amfani da ƙarfin yankewa na hydraulic don wanke gurɓatattun abubuwa. Hakanan ana iya amfani da tsaftace gaurayen ruwan iska don inganta tasirin.

Tsaftace Sinadarai

Dole ne a zaɓi sinadarai masu dacewa don zagayawa da jiƙawa bisa ga takamaiman nau'in gurɓataccen abu:

• Don Ma'aunin Inorganic: Amfani masu tsaftace sinadarai masu tsami (misali, 0.2% ~ 1% citric acid ko hydrochloric acid, pH da aka sarrafa a 2-3) don narkar da carbonates da ƙarfe oxides yadda ya kamata.
• Don Organics, Colloids, da Biochemical Fouling: Amfani masu tsaftace alkaline (misali, 0.1% ~0.5% sodium hydroxide tare da surfactants ko EDTA, pH da aka sarrafa a 10-12) don narkar da datti mai ƙazanta da kuma cire biofilms.
• Don Haɗakar Haɗaɗɗen Nauyi: Yawanci ana fara tsaftace alkaline don cire gurɓataccen halitta/na halitta, sannan sai a yi tsaftacewar acidic don cire gurɓataccen abu mara kyau.

Tsarin Tsaftacewa na yau da kullun

1. Kurkura kafin a wanke: Rufe tsarin kuma a wanke a ƙaramin matsin lamba tare da RO permeate don fitar da ruwan da ya rage daga membrane modules.
2. Shiri da Zagayawa a Maganin: Shirya maganin tsaftacewa a daidai gwargwado. A zuba shi a cikin tsarin a ƙaramin matsin lamba (yawanci ≤0.2 ~ 0.3 MPa) kuma a rabin yadda ake buƙata na tsaftacewa. A yi ta zagayawa na tsawon mintuna 30-60.
3. Jikewa: Dakatar da zagayawar jini sannan a bar ruwan tsaftacewa ya jike a cikin membrane na ɗan lokaci (misali, a zagaya na tsawon minti 10, sannan a tsaya a jike na tsawon minti 5) don ba wa sinadarin damar shiga cikin layin ƙazanta gaba ɗaya.
4. Bayan wankewa: A tace ruwan tsaftacewa sannan a wanke tsarin sosai da ruwa mai zurfi har sai pH mai fitar da ruwa ya zama tsaka tsaki kuma babu kumfa ko wari.
5. Tabbatar da Aiki: Sake kunna tsarin don gwajin ƙarancin matsin lamba don lura ko kwararar ruwa da ƙin gishiri sun dawo zuwa sama da kashi 90% na ƙimar farko.

4. Shawarwari kan Rigakafi da Kulawa na Kullum

• Inganta Kafin Jiyya: Inganta hanyoyin da ake bi kafin a fara magani kamar su coagulation, tacewa, da kuma laushi don tabbatar da cewa Silt Density Index (SDI) ya kai
• Ruwan jiki na yau da kullun: Idan yanayi ya yarda, a yi wa ruwa mai ƙarancin ƙarfi da yawan kwarara kowace rana. Wannan ya fi tasiri fiye da jiran ƙura ta taru kafin a yi aikin tsaftace sinadarai.
• Daidaita Sinadaran da Aka Sha: A yi amfani da adadin magungunan hana scalants, masu wargazawa, da kuma magungunan biocides na musamman bisa ga ingancin ruwan abinci don hana ƙwanƙwasawa da haɓakar ƙwayoyin cuta.
• Tsarin Aiki: A guji cika tsarin da yawa. A koyaushe a wanke tsarin kafin a rufe shi domin hana gurɓatattun abubuwa su tsaya a saman membrane.

⚠️ Matakan kariya: Kada ka taɓa amfani da sinadarin acid mai ƙarfi ko alkalis a makance, ko kuma ka tsawaita lokacin tsaftacewa, domin wannan zai haifar da lalacewar da ba za a iya mayarwa ba ga layin aiki na membrane. Idan tsaftacewa ta yanar gizo ba ta da tasiri ko kuma gurɓataccen abu ya yi tsanani sosai, yi la'akari da cire abubuwan membrane don tsaftacewa ta hanyar intanet ko maye gurbinsu gaba ɗaya.