Ubwoko 2 bwibikoresho bishobora kugarurwa nubuhanga bwa nanofiltration

Nanofiltration ni iki?

Nanofiltration (NF) ni igice cyakabiri cyinjira (inzitizi ya ultra-thin selective barrière) ikoreshwa mu kuyungurura amazi mu nganda zitandukanye. Ingano ya Nanofiltration iri hagati ya 1 ~ 10 nm, hagati ya osmose revers na ultrafiltration, kandi ni firime ya kabiri yuzuye.

Amazi asunikwa muri membrane nigitutu: ibice bito kurenza diameter ya nanofiltration membrane aperture bizanyuramo, mugihe ibice binini birenze diameter ya nanofiltration membrane aperture bizafatwa. Ibice ntibishobora kugwa mu mutego wo guhezwa gusa, ariko birashobora no guhitamo gukurura cyangwa kwirukana umwanda runaka bitewe nubushakashatsi bwabyo cyangwa imiti bifitanye isano n’imiti, umutego w’ingaruka ziterwa n’imiti.

Nanofiltration itezimbere ubwiza bwamazi, kandi ikoresha imbaraga nke ugereranije na osmose (RO). Mugutunganya amazi amwe adakeneye kuvanaho umunyu mwinshi, nanofiltration membrane irashobora gukoreshwa nkibindi bisobanuro byiza bya RO, hamwe nubushobozi bwo gukuraho bagiteri, virusi, ibintu kama na ion bihwanye.

Nanofiltration yabanje gukoreshwa mu kuvana sulfate mu nganda za peteroli na gaze, ariko ubu ikoreshwa mu nganda zitunganya amazi, urugero, koroshya amazi, amazi yo kunywa no gutunganya amazi menshi y’inganda na brine. Vuba aha, nanofiltration nayo yakoreshejwe mugukuraho umwanda uva mumazi yo kunywa.

Ikoranabuhanga rya Nanofiltration rishobora kubanza kugarura amazi meza yo mu rwego rwo hejuru akoreshwa mu kongera gukoreshwa, ajyanye n’igitekerezo cy’ubukungu bw’umuzingi, ariko kandi binyuze mu kugarura andi masoko (nk'umutungo kamere, amabuye y'agaciro n’imiti) agenda yitabwaho ku isoko.

Hydroxide ya Sodium (NaOH)

Sodium hydroxide (NaOH) ni umunyu mwinshi wa alkaline yangirika kandi igashonga ibikoresho kama nibidasanzwe. Kubwibyo, ikoreshwa mugusukura, gukuramo ibinure no kwiyambura inzira mubikorwa bitandukanye.

Kubera ubwinshi bwimyanda ihumanya muri soda ya caustic soda, mubisanzwe ntabwo yongeye gukoreshwa mubikorwa byinganda. Ahubwo, indi miti, nka hydrochloric cyangwa acide sulfurike, igomba kongerwamo kugirango ibuze alkaline. Nyamara, hamwe na tekinoroji ya nanofiltration, imyanda ya caustic soda irashobora kugarurwa no gukoreshwa mugukuraho umwanda.

Umwe mubakoresha cyane soda ya caustic ni Aziya yepfo, ifite inganda nini. Hano, igisubizo cya soda caustic ntabwo gikoreshwa mugusukura gusa, ahubwo nigice cyingenzi mubikorwa byo gukora imyenda, cyane cyane mugikorwa cyo guhumeka aho biteza imbere imbaraga, kumurika no gusiga irangi rya fibre.

Kuva muri 2020, twakiriye ibibazo byinshi kubijyanye na nanofiltration membrane ku isoko ryamajyepfo yuburasirazuba bwa Aziya. Kubwibyo, muri uwo mwaka, isosiyete yacu yubatse umurongo wa nanofiltration membrane. Kora itumanaho rya tekiniki hamwe namakipe yo mubirango bizwi ku rwego mpuzamahanga nka Dow, HYDRANAUTICS, Toray, Vontron, nibindi.

HISHA HNF-8040HF nicyitegererezo cyambere cya nano membrane, cyabaye icyitegererezo nyamukuru cyo kuzamurwa kandi cyashimiwe cyane nabakoresha inganda.

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Ifumbire mvaruganda

Fosifore, intungamubiri zingenzi mu ifumbire, iragenda iba ingume, itera impungenge z’umutekano w’ibiribwa igihe kirekire. Fosifore ni umutungo utagira ingano uva mu bucukuzi bwa fosifate. Hamwe n’ibigega bya fosifore ku isi bigenda bigabanuka kandi bigarukira mu turere tumwe na tumwe, urunigi rutangwa.

Muri icyo gihe, kwibumbira hamwe kwintungamubiri zagaciro zirimo kwangiza urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima, bigatera umwanda mwinshi umubiri w’amazi binyuze mu nzira ya eutrophasi. Mu gufata no gutunganya intungamubiri kugirango habeho umutungo w’ibinyabuzima, ibibazo bibiri birashobora gukemurwa icyarimwe: kwihaza mu biribwa no kwangiza ibidukikije.

Nubwo nanofiltrasiyo atari inzira yingenzi yo kongera ifumbire mvaruganda, irashobora gukora ibicuruzwa byujuje ubuziranenge mu gukuraho umwanda no guhunika intungamubiri mu mutobe wigifu. Hamwe nuburyo bwa coagulation-flocculation, ibikoresho bibisi birashobora kwanduzwa nimiti isigaye, mugihe nanofiltration yirinda iki kibazo mugutandukana kumubiri binyuze mumyanya aho kuba imiti. Usibye gushyiraho umutungo w’ibinyabuzima wo mu rwego rwo hejuru no kubyara inyungu abakoresha ba nyuma, ubwiza bw’amazi yasohotse nabwo bwaratejwe imbere ndetse n’igiciro cyo kuvura biosolide cyaragabanutse.