Njira yabwino yomvetsetsa momwe RO imagwirira ntchito ndikumvetsetsa kaye lingaliro la osmosis. Osmosis ndi njira yachilengedwe yodutsa madzi kudzera mu nembanemba yomwe imatha kutha. Njirayi imapangitsa kuti madzi asunthike kuchoka kumalo otsika kwambiri kupita kumalo okwera kwambiri. Izi tingazione m’mene zomera zimatengera madzi. Mu reverse osmosis, komabe, zosiyana ndi zoona. Madzi amakakamizika kuti asunthire m'malo otsika kwambiri m'malo mowonjezera ndende chifukwa nembanemba ya RO imalepheretsa zonyansa kudutsamo.
Makina osefa a reverse osmosis ndiwothandiza kwambiri pochotsa zolimba, tinthu tating'onoting'ono, ndi zosungunulira kuposa njira zina zosefera chifukwa cha kukakamiza komwe kumagwiritsidwa ntchito komanso mawonekedwe osankhidwa a nembanemba. Imagwiritsa ntchito njira ya semi-permeable membrane molumikizana ndi zosefera zingapo za kaboni. Izi zimasankhidwa ngati zosefera zisanachitike kapena zosefera kutengera komwe zili mu kusefera. Madzi omwe ali ndi zonyansa zochepa kwambiri amadziwika kuti permeate, pamene madzi omwe ali ndi mphamvu zambiri amadziwika kuti brine kapena zinyalala.
Magawo a RO system
Dongosolo lodziwika bwino la RO lili ndi magawo amodzi kapena asanu osefera. Zodziwika kwambiri ndi machitidwe atatu, anayi, kapena asanu a RO. Monga zikuyembekezeredwa, 5-stage reverse osmosis imapereka mulingo wapamwamba kwambiri woyeretsera madzi pobweretsanso mchere wofunikira mu gawo lachisanu. Makina onse a reverse osmosis amagwira ntchito motsatira mfundo zofananira, zomwe zimaphatikizapo zosefera imodzi kapena zingapo, zosefera za kaboni, ndi nembanemba ya RO.
1st Stage - Sediment fyuluta
Ili ndilo gawo loyamba (losefera) muzosefera za RO. Ndi siteji yomwe zonyansa zowoneka ngati silt, zinyalala, dothi, fumbi, ndi zotsalira zina zimasiyanitsidwa ndi madzi otuluka kuchokera kugwero lamadzi (mwachitsanzo, chitsime kapena mpopi)
Gawo la 2/3 - Zosefera za pre-carbon ndi nembanemba ya RO
Sefa ya kaboni ndi nembanemba ya RO imagwira ntchito kuchotsa chlorine, Volatile Organic Compounds (VOCs), ndi zonyansa zina zomwe zingakhudze mtundu kapena fungo lamadzi. Magawo awa akuphatikiza zosefera za kaboni zomwe zidakhazikitsidwa kale, nembanemba ya RO, ndi zosefera za kaboni.
Gawo la 4 - Ma membrane owoneka bwino
Panthawiyi, kuchotsedwanso kwa mankhwala owopsa (monga fluoride, lead, ndi chromium) ndi zinthu zina zimachitika pamene madzi amakakamizika kudzera mu nembanemba ya RO yosavomerezeka. Gawoli limachotsa pafupifupi 95 mpaka 98% ya Total Dissolved Salts (TDS) m'madzi.
Gawo la 5 - Kusefera kwa post
Apa, madzi amadutsa mumkanda womaliza wosefera womwe umachotsa tinthu tambiri tomwe tingakhale tathawa magawo ena onse akusefera. Machitidwe ambiri a 5-stage RO amagwiritsa ntchito njira yotsitsimutsa kuti awonjezere mchere wofunikira womwe ukhoza kuchotsedwa m'madzi panthawiyi. Pa gawo lachisanu, zosefera zathu zamadzi za RO zimagwiritsa ntchito zosefera za kaboni zokhala ndi granular activated carbon ndi kusakaniza kwapadera kwa kaboni wochokera ku zipolopolo za kokonati zowotchedwa.
Gawo la 6 - kusefera kwa alkaline kowonjezera
Madzi opangidwa pa siteji ya 5th ya ndondomeko ya RO ndi oyera, athanzi, komanso otetezeka kumwa. Komabe, zosefera zina za RO zikuphatikiza gawo lachisanu ndi chimodzi la remineralization ndi alkalinization. Chifukwa ndondomeko ya RO imaganiziridwa kuti yachotsa mchere wina m'madzi, gawo la 6 likuphatikizidwa kuti liwonjezere mchere wofunikira komanso kuchepetsa acidity yamadzi kuti ikhale yamchere. Madzi amchere ali ndi zabwino zambiri, kuphatikiza kuchuluka kwa hydration ndi antioxidant katundu.
Nthawi yotumiza: May-22-2022